Source: alison.legislature.state.al.us/code-of-alabama?section=… (retrieved 2026-10-12; history line shows Acts 1982-430, 2022-133, 2022-438)

"For purposes of this division, the following terms shall have the following meanings, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise:

"(1) FIREARM. As defined under Section 13A-8-1.

[...]

"(3) SHORT-BARRELED RIFLE. A rifle having one or more barrels less than 16 inches in length and any weapon made from a rifle (whether by alteration, modification, or otherwise) if such weapon, as modified, has an overall length of less than 26 inches.

"(4) SHORT-BARRELED SHOTGUN. A shotgun having one or more barrels less than 18 inches in length and any weapon made from a shotgun (whether by alteration, modification, or otherwise) if such weapon as modified has an overall length of less than 26 inches.

Source: alison.legislature.state.al.us/code-of-alabama?section=… (retrieved 2026-10-12; history line ends with Act 2010-496)

(a) A person who possesses, obtains, receives, sells, or uses a short-barreled rifle or a short-barreled shotgun in violation of federal law is guilty of a Class C felony.

(b) This section does not apply to a peace officer who possesses, obtains, receives, sells, or uses a short-barreled rifle or a short-barreled shotgun in the course of or in connection with his or her official duties.

Source: alison.legislature.state.al.us/code-of-alabama?section=… (retrieved 2026-10-12; history Act 2025-54 §1)

(b) A person who possesses, obtains, receives, sells, or uses a part or combination of parts designed and intended to convert a pistol into a machine gun is guilty of a Class C felony.

(c) This section does not apply to any of the following:

[...]

(2) A person who owns or has in his or her possession, control, care, or custody a firearm, part, or combination of parts that are registered in the National Firearms Registration and Transfer Record maintained by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives or is otherwise not subject to that registration requirement.

This is a registration-type exemption, but it concerns machine-gun conversion parts only, not suppressors, SBRs, SBSs or AOWs.

I reviewed the section titles in Title 13A, Ch. 11, Art. 3, Divisions 1 (13A-11-50 to 61.3), 1A (62-66) and 2 (70-85) section titles; none mention silencers/suppressors or sawed-off firearms beyond 13A-11-62/63. No Alabama Code section restricting suppressors/silencers was found.

Source: akleg.gov/basis/statutes.asp?media=print&secStart=11.61… (retrieved 2026-10-12; no currency date shown on the page)

(a) A person commits the crime of misconduct involving weapons in the third degree if the person [...] (3) manufactures, possesses, transports, sells, or transfers a prohibited weapon; [...]

(c) It is an affirmative defense to a prosecution under (a)(3) of this section that the manufacture, possession, transportation, sale, or transfer of the prohibited weapon was in accordance with registration under 26 U.S.C. 5801-5872 (National Firearms Act).

[...]

(e) The provisions of (a)(3) and (11) of this section do not apply to a peace officer acting within the scope and authority of the officer's employment.

[...]

(h) As used in this section, (1) prohibited weapon means any (A) explosive, incendiary, or noxious gas (i) mine or device that is designed, made, or adapted for the purpose of inflicting serious physical injury or death; (ii) rocket, other than an emergency flare, having a propellant charge of more than four ounces; (iii) bomb; or (iv) grenade; (B) device designed, made, or adapted to muffle the report of a firearm; (C) firearm that is capable of shooting more than one shot automatically, without manual reloading, by a single function of the trigger; or (D) rifle with a barrel length of less than 16 inches, shotgun with a barrel length of less than 18 inches, or firearm made from a rifle or shotgun which, as modified, has an overall length of less than 26 inches; [...]

(i) Misconduct involving weapons in the third degree is a class C felony.

Also relevant, (a)(10): a convicted felon who "resides in a dwelling knowing that there is a firearm capable of being concealed on one's person or a prohibited weapon in the dwelling" (subject to exceptions in (b)(2)).

Source: azleg.gov/ars/13/03101.htm (retrieved 2026-10-12; page shows no currency note)

8. "Prohibited weapon": (a) Includes the following: (i) An item that is a bomb, grenade, rocket having a propellant charge of more than four ounces or mine and that is explosive, incendiary or poison gas. (ii) A device that is designed, made or adapted to muffle the report of a firearm. (iii) A firearm that is capable of shooting more than one shot automatically, without manual reloading, by a single function of the trigger. (iv) A rifle with a barrel length of less than sixteen inches, or shotgun with a barrel length of less than eighteen inches, or any firearm that is made from a rifle or shotgun and that, as modified, has an overall length of less than twenty-six inches. (v) A breakable container that contains a flammable liquid [...] (vi)-(viii) [...] (b) Does not include: (i) Any fireworks that are imported, distributed or used in compliance with state laws or local ordinances. (ii) Any propellant, propellant actuated devices or propellant actuated industrial tools that are manufactured, imported or distributed for their intended purposes. (iii) A device that is commercially manufactured primarily for the purpose of illumination.

B. The items set forth in subsection A, paragraph 8, subdivision (a), items (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) of this section do not include any firearms or devices that are possessed, manufactured or transferred in compliance with federal law.

Source: azleg.gov/ars/13/03102.htm (retrieved 2026-10-12; no currency note shown)

A. A person commits misconduct involving weapons by knowingly: [...] 3. Manufacturing, possessing, transporting, selling or transferring a prohibited weapon, except that if the violation involves dry ice, a person commits misconduct involving weapons by knowingly possessing the dry ice with the intent to cause injury to or death of another person or to cause damage to the property of another person; or 4. Possessing a deadly weapon or prohibited weapon if such person is a prohibited possessor; [...]

M. [...] Misconduct involving weapons under subsection A, paragraph 3, 4, 8 or 13 of this section is a class 4 felony. [...]

Source: lexisnexis.com/hottopics/arcode/Default.asp (retrieved 2026-10-12; official Arkansas Code, current through the First Extraordinary Session, 2026; history ends with Acts 2019, No. 495, § 1 and No. 1051, § 1)

(a) A person commits the offense of criminal use of prohibited weapons if, except as authorized by law, he or she knowingly uses, possesses, makes, repairs, sells, or otherwise deals in any:

(1) Bomb;

(2) Metal knuckles; or

(3) Other implement for the infliction of serious physical injury or death that serves no lawful purpose.

(b) This section does not apply if the person uses, possesses, makes, repairs, sells, or otherwise deals in an item described in this section that is in compliance with the National Firearms Act, 26 U.S.C. §§ 5801- 5861, or other applicable federal law, as either existed on January 1, 2019.

(c) It is a defense to prosecution under this section that:

(1) The defendant was a law enforcement officer, prosecuting attorney, deputy prosecuting attorney, prison guard, or member of the United States Armed Forces acting in the course and scope of his or her duty at the time he or she used or possessed the prohibited weapon; or

(2) The defendant used, possessed, made, repaired, sold, or otherwise dealt in any article enumerated in subsection (a) of this section under circumstances negating any likelihood that the weapon could be used as a weapon.

(d)

(1) Criminal use of prohibited weapons is a Class B felony if the weapon is a bomb.

(2) Criminal use of prohibited weapons is a Class A misdemeanor if the offense is possession of metal knuckles.

(3) Otherwise, criminal use of prohibited weapons is a Class D felony.

Session law that produced this text (strike-through markup shows machine gun, sawed-off shotgun or rifle, and firearm specially made or specially adapted for silent discharge deleted from subsection (a), and the new subsection (b) added): Act 1051 of 2019 (HB 1820), approved 4/16/19.

Source: arkleg.state.ar.us/Home/FTPDocument?path=%2FACTS%2F2019… (retrieved 2026-10-12; enrolled Act 1051 of the 2019 Regular Session)

Source: law.justia.com/codes/arkansas/title-5/subtitle-1/chapte… (retrieved 2026-10-12; 2023 Arkansas Code edition; history shown ends with Act 2021, No. 931, eff. 7/28/2021)

(19) "Sawed-off or short-barreled rifle" means:

(A) A rifle having one (1) or more barrels less than sixteen inches (16") in length; or

(B) Any weapon made from a rifle, whether by alteration, modification, or otherwise, if the weapon, as modified, has an overall length of less than twenty-six inches (26");

(20) "Sawed-off or short-barreled shotgun" means:

(A) A shotgun having one (1) or more barrels less than eighteen inches (18") in length; or

(B) Any weapon made from a shotgun, whether by alteration, modification, or otherwise, if the weapon, as modified, has an overall length of less than twenty-six inches (26");

Source: codes.findlaw.com/ar/title-5-criminal-offenses/ar-code-… (retrieved 2026-10-12; page shows "Current as of March 28, 2024")

(b) A person commits the offense of furnishing a prohibited weapon to a felon if he or she sells, barters, leases, gives, rents, or otherwise furnishes:

(1) A bomb;

(2) Metal knuckles;

(3) A defaced firearm, as described in § 5-73-107; or

(4) Other implement for the infliction of serious physical injury or death that serves no lawful purpose,

to a person he or she knows has been found guilty of or who has pleaded guilty or nolo contendere to a felony.

Source: leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.x… (retrieved 2026-10-12)

Any person, firm, or corporation who within this state possesses a silencer is guilty of a felony and upon conviction thereof shall be punished by imprisonment pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170 or by a fine not to exceed ten thousand dollars ($10,000), or by both that fine and imprisonment.

Source: leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.x… (retrieved 2026-10-12)

As used in Chapter 9 (commencing with Section 33410) of Division 10 of Title 4, "silencer" means any device or attachment of any kind designed, used, or intended for use in silencing, diminishing, or muffling the report of a firearm. The term "silencer" also includes any combination of parts, designed or redesigned, and intended for use in assembling a silencer or fabricating a silencer and any part intended only for use in assembly or fabrication of a silencer.

Source: leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.x… (retrieved 2026-10-12)

Except as expressly provided in Section 33215 to 33225, inclusive, and in Chapter 1 (commencing with Section 17700) of Division 2 of Title 2, and solely in accordance with those provisions, no person may manufacture, import into this state, keep for sale, offer for sale, give, lend, or possess any short-barreled rifle or short-barreled shotgun. Nothing else in any provision listed in Section 16580 shall be construed as authorizing the manufacture, importation into the state, keeping for sale, offering for sale, or giving, lending, or possession of any short-barreled rifle or short-barreled shotgun.

Source: leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.x… (retrieved 2026-10-12)

Except as provided in Sections 33220 and 33225 and in Chapter 1 (commencing with Section 17700) of Division 2 of Title 2, any person in this state who manufactures or causes to be manufactured, imports into the state, keeps for sale, or offers or exposes for sale, or who gives, lends, or possesses any short-barreled rifle or short-barreled shotgun is punishable by imprisonment in a county jail not exceeding one year or imprisonment pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170.

Source: leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.x… (retrieved 2026-10-12)

Section 33215 does not apply to either of the following:

(a) The sale to, purchase by, or possession of short-barreled rifles or short-barreled shotguns by a police department, sheriff's office, marshal's office, the California Highway Patrol, the Department of Justice, the Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation, or the military or naval forces of this state or of the United States, for use in the discharge of their official duties.

(b) [...] peace officer members of [listed agencies], when on duty and the use is authorized by the agency and is within the course and scope of their duties, and the officers have completed a training course [...] certified by the Commission on Peace Officer Standards and Training.

Source: leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.x… (retrieved 2026-10-12)

Section 33215 does not apply to the manufacture, possession, transportation, or sale of a short-barreled rifle or short-barreled shotgun, when authorized by the Department of Justice pursuant to Article 2 (commencing with Section 33300) and not in violation of federal law.

Source: leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.x… (retrieved 2026-10-12)

(a) Upon a showing that good cause exists for issuance of a permit to the applicant, and if the Department of Justice finds that issuance of the permit does not endanger the public safety, the department may issue a permit for the manufacture, possession, importation, transportation, or sale of short-barreled rifles or short-barreled shotguns. [...]

(b) Good cause, for the purposes of this section, shall be limited to only the following:

(1) The permit is sought for the manufacture, possession, importation, or use with blank cartridges, of a short-barreled rifle or short-barreled shotgun, solely as a prop for a motion picture, television, or video production or entertainment event.

(2) The permit is sought for the manufacture of, exposing for sale, keeping for sale, sale of, importation or lending of short-barreled rifles or short-barreled shotguns to the entities listed in Section 33220 by persons who are licensed as dealers or manufacturers under the provisions of Chapter 53 (commencing with Section 5801) of Title 26 of the United States Code, as amended, and the regulations issued pursuant thereto.

Sources: leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.x… (retrieved 2026-10-12; amended by Stats. 2014, Ch. 103, eff. Jan. 1, 2015); leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.x… (retrieved 2026-10-12; amended by Stats. 2014, Ch. 103, eff. Jan. 1, 2015)

§ 17170: As used in this part, "short-barreled rifle" means any of the following: (a) A rifle having a barrel or barrels of less than 16 inches in length. (b) A rifle with an overall length of less than 26 inches. (c) Any weapon made from a rifle [...] if that weapon, as modified, has an overall length of less than 26 inches or a barrel or barrels of less than 16 inches in length. [...]

§ 17180: As used in this part, "short-barreled shotgun" means any of the following: (a) A firearm that is designed or redesigned to fire a fixed shotgun shell and has a barrel or barrels of less than 18 inches in length. (b) A firearm that has an overall length of less than 26 inches and that is designed or redesigned to fire a fixed shotgun shell. (c) Any weapon made from a shotgun [...] if that weapon, as modified, has an overall length of less than 26 inches or a barrel or barrels of less than 18 inches in length. [...]

Both definitions also reach readily-restorable devices and conversion parts or part combinations in the same person's possession (subds. (d)-(e)). The definitions are state-law and do not refer to the NFA.

Source: leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.x… (retrieved 2026-10-12)

Except as provided in Section 33220 and 33225 and in Chapter 1 (commencing with Section 17700) of Division 2 of Title 2, any short-barreled rifle or short-barreled shotgun is a nuisance and is subject to Section 18010.

Source: leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.x… (retrieved 2026-10-12; Amended by Stats. 2021, Ch. 434, Sec. 22 (SB 827), effective January 1, 2022)

As used in this part, "generally prohibited weapon" means any of the following: [...] (s) A short-barreled rifle or short-barreled shotgun, as prohibited by Section 33215. [...]

The same list includes (g) cane gun, (k) "A firearm that is not immediately recognizable as a firearm, as prohibited by Section 24510", (u) unconventional pistol, (w) wallet gun, (y) zip gun, (q) multiburst trigger activator.

Sources: leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.x… (retrieved 2026-10-12; Amended by Stats. 2012, Ch. 43, Sec. 101 (SB 1023), effective June 27, 2012); leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.x… (retrieved 2026-10-12; Amended by Stats. 2012, Ch. 43, Sec. 100 (SB 1023), effective June 27, 2012); leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.x… (retrieved 2026-10-12; Amended by Stats. 2012, Ch. 43, Sec. 103 (SB 1023), effective June 27, 2012); leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.x… (retrieved 2026-10-12; Amended by Stats. 2012, Ch. 43, Sec. 106 (SB 1023), effective June 27, 2012); leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.x… (retrieved 2026-10-12; Amended by Stats. 2012, Ch. 43, Sec. 110 (SB 1023), effective June 27, 2012)

§ 24510: Except as provided in Chapter 1 (commencing with Section 17700) of Division 2 of Title 2, any person in this state who manufactures or causes to be manufactured, imports into the state, keeps for sale, or offers or exposes for sale, or who gives, lends, or possesses any firearm not immediately recognizable as a firearm is punishable by imprisonment in a county jail not exceeding one year or imprisonment pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170.

Sections 24410, 24710, 31500 and 33600 use the same wording, with "any cane gun", "any wallet gun", "any unconventional pistol" and "any zip gun" in place of "any firearm not immediately recognizable as a firearm", and the same penalty.

Source: leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.x… (retrieved 2026-10-12)

(a) The provisions listed in Section 16590 do not apply to "any other weapon" as defined in subsection (e) of Section 5845 of Title 26 of the United States Code, which is in the possession of a person permitted to possess the weapons under the federal Gun Control Act of 1968 (Public Law 90-618), as amended, and the regulations issued pursuant thereto.

[...]

(c) The exemption provided by this section does not apply to a pen gun.

Sources: leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.x… (retrieved 2026-10-12); leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.x… (retrieved 2026-10-12)

§ 32625(a): Any person, firm, or corporation, who within this state possesses or knowingly transports a machinegun, except as authorized by this chapter, is guilty of a public offense [...]

§ 18710(a): Except as provided by this chapter, any person, firm, or corporation who, within this state, possesses any destructive device, other than fixed ammunition of a caliber greater than .60 caliber, is guilty of a public offense.

Section 32625(a) is punished under Section 1170(h) or by a fine up to $10,000; 32625(b) adds 4/6/8 years for converting, selling or manufacturing.

Source: olls.info/crs/crs2026-title-18.pdf (retrieved 2026-10-12; official Colorado Revised Statutes 2026, Title 18, current with the 2026 Second Regular Session of the 75th General Assembly; history line shows the last amendment to this section as L. 2025, SB 25-003, effective April 10, 2025)

(1) As used in this section, the term "dangerous weapon" means a firearm silencer, machine gun, rapid-fire device, short shotgun, or short rifle.

(2) As used in this section, the term "illegal weapon" means a blackjack, gas gun, ballistic knife, or metallic knuckles.

(3) A person who knowingly possesses a dangerous weapon commits a class 5 felony.

(4) A person who knowingly possesses an illegal weapon commits a class 1 misdemeanor.

(5) It shall be an affirmative defense to the charge of possessing a dangerous weapon, or to the charge of possessing an illegal weapon, that the person so accused was a peace officer or member of the armed forces of the United States or Colorado National Guard acting in the lawful discharge of his duties, or that said person has a valid permit and license for possession of such weapon.

Source: olls.info/crs/crs2026-title-18.pdf (retrieved 2026-10-12; official Colorado Revised Statutes 2026, Title 18, current with the 2026 Second Regular Session; history line shows amendments by SB 25-003 and SB 25-300 in 2025 and HB 25-1133 effective July 1, 2026)

(j) "Firearm" means any weapon, including a starter gun, that can, is designed to, or may readily be converted to expel a projectile by the action of an explosive; the frame or receiver of a firearm; or a firearm silencer.

[...]

(k) "Firearm silencer" means any instrument, attachment, weapon, or appliance for causing the firing of any gun, revolver, pistol, or other firearm to be silent or intended to lessen or muffle the noise of the firing of any such weapon.

[...]

(s) "Machine gun" means any firearm, whatever its size and usual designation, that shoots automatically more than one shot, without manual reloading, by a single function of the trigger.

[...]

(u.3) "Rapid-fire device" means any device, part, kit, tool, accessory, or combination of parts that has the effect of increasing the rate of fire of a semiautomatic firearm above the standard rate of fire for the semiautomatic firearm that is not otherwise equipped with that device, part, or combination of parts.

[...]

(v) "Short rifle" means a rifle having a barrel less than sixteen inches long or an overall length of less than twenty-six inches.

(w) "Short shotgun" means a shotgun having a barrel or barrels less than eighteen inches long or an overall length of less than twenty-six inches.

Source: cga.ct.gov/current/pub/chap_952.htm (retrieved 2026-10-12; page header says readers should consult the 2026 Supplement, revised to Jan. 1, 2026, for 2025 amendments)

Sec. 53a-211. Possession of a sawed-off shotgun or silencer: Class D felony. (a) A person is guilty of possession of a sawed-off shotgun or a silencer when he owns, controls or possesses any sawed-off shotgun that has a barrel of less than eighteen inches or an overall length of less than twenty-six inches or when he owns, controls or possesses any silencer designed to muffle the noise of a firearm during discharge.

(b) The provisions of this section shall not apply to persons, firms, corporations or museums licensed or otherwise permitted by federal or state law to possess, control or own sawed-off shotguns or silencers.

(c) Possession of a sawed-off shotgun or a silencer is a class D felony.

Source: cga.ct.gov/current/pub/chap_943.htm (retrieved 2026-10-12; page header says readers should consult the 2026 Supplement, revised to Jan. 1, 2026, for 2025 amendments)

(g) Each machine gun in this state adapted to use projectiles of any caliber shall be registered in the office of the Commissioner of Emergency Services and Public Protection within twenty-four hours after its acquisition and, thereafter, annually, on July first. [...]

(h) No provision of this section shall apply to: [...] (3) a machine gun acquired, transferred or possessed in accordance with the National Firearms Act, as amended, provided such machine gun shall be subject to the provisions of subsection (g) of this section.

Source: cga.ct.gov/current/pub/chap_943.htm (retrieved 2026-10-12; page header says readers should consult the 2026 Supplement, revised to Jan. 1, 2026, for 2025 amendments)

(1) "Assault weapon" means: [...]

(E) Any semiautomatic firearm regardless of whether such firearm is listed in subparagraphs (A) to (D) [...] that meets the following criteria: (i) A semiautomatic, centerfire rifle that has an ability to accept a detachable magazine and has at least one of the following: (I) A folding or telescoping stock; [...] (IV) A flash suppressor [...]; or [...] (iii) A semiautomatic, centerfire rifle that has an overall length of less than thirty inches; [...]

(G) Any semiautomatic firearm other than a pistol, revolver, rifle or shotgun, regardless of whether such firearm is listed in subparagraphs (A) to (D), inclusive, of this subdivision, and regardless of the date such firearm was produced, that has at least one of the following: (i) Any grip of the weapon [...]; (ii) An ability to accept a detachable ammunition magazine that attaches at some location outside of the pistol grip; (iii) A fixed magazine with the ability to accept more than ten rounds; (iv) A flash suppressor or silencer, or a threaded barrel capable of accepting a flash suppressor or silencer; (v) A shroud [...]; (vi) A second hand grip; or (vii) An arm brace or other stabilizing brace that could allow such firearm to be fired from the shoulder, with or without a strap designed to attach to an individual's arm;

Source: cga.ct.gov/current/pub/chap_943.htm (retrieved 2026-10-12; page header says readers should consult the 2026 Supplement, revised to Jan. 1, 2026, for 2025 amendments)

(a) Except as provided in section 53-202e, any person who, within this state, possesses an assault weapon, except as provided in sections 53-202a to 53-202k, inclusive, and 53-202o, shall be guilty of a class D felony and shall be sentenced to a term of imprisonment of which one year may not be suspended or reduced by the court, except that a first-time violation of this subsection shall be a class A misdemeanor if [...]

Source: cga.ct.gov/current/pub/chap_490.htm (retrieved 2026-10-12)

Sec. 26-75. Silencer on firearms. No person shall use any silencer on any firearm when hunting.

Source: delcode.delaware.gov/title11/c005/sc07/index.html (retrieved 2026-10-12; no "current through" date shown; latest listed amendment is 85 Del. Laws, c. 474, § 1, so later 2026 amendments, if any, may not be reflected)

(a) A person is guilty of possessing a destructive weapon when the person makes, sells, transfers, buys, receives, or has possession of any of the following:

(1) A bomb.

(2) A bombshell.

(3) A firearm silencer.

(4) A sawed-off shotgun.

(5) A machine gun or any other firearm or weapon which is adaptable for use as a machine gun.

(6) A bump stock, trigger crank, or rapid fire device. [...]

(b) (1) Possessing a destructive weapon listed in paragraphs (a)(1) through (a)(5) of this section is a class E felony. This section does not apply to members of the military forces or to members of a police force in this State duly authorized to carry a weapon of the type described; nor shall the provisions contained herein apply to authorized and certified (by an accredited state enforcement agency) state and federal wildlife biologists possessing firearm silencers for the purposes of wildlife disease or wildlife population control, or persons possessing machine guns for scientific or experimental research and development purposes, which machine guns have been duly registered under the National Firearms Act of 1968 (26 U.S.C. § 5801 et seq.).

[...]

(c) For purposes of this section:

(1) a. "Machine gun" means any weapon which shoots, is designed to shoot, or can be readily restored to shoot, automatically more than one shot, without manual reloading, by a single function of the trigger. [...]

(2) "Shotgun" means a weapon designed or redesigned, made, or remade, and intended to be fired from the shoulder and designed or redesigned and made or remade to use the energy of the explosive in a fixed shotgun shell to fire through a smooth bore either a number of projectiles (ball shot) or a single projectile for each pull of the trigger.

(3) "Sawed-off shotgun" means a shotgun having 1 or more barrels less than 18 inches in length or any weapon made from a shotgun (whether by alteration, modification, or otherwise) if such weapon as modified has an overall length of less than 26 inches.

Note: "firearm silencer" is not defined in § 1444.

Source: delcode.delaware.gov/title11/c005/sc07/index.html (retrieved 2026-10-12; no "current through" date shown; latest listed amendment is 85 Del. Laws, c. 474, § 1, so later 2026 amendments, if any, may not be reflected). § 1441A is the active-officer provision; § 1441B (retired officers) has the same definition in its subsection (e)(1).

(e) As used in this section, the term "firearm": (1) Except as provided in this subsection, has the same meaning as in 18 U.S.C. § 921; [...] (3) Does not include: a. Any machinegun (as defined in § 5845 of the National Firearms Act [26 U.S.C. § 5845]); b. Any firearm silencer (as defined in 18 U.S.C. § 921); and c. Any destructive device (as defined in 18 U.S.C. § 921).

Relevance is limited: it only shows Delaware sometimes borrows the federal silencer definition; § 1444 itself does not.

Source: delcode.delaware.gov/title11/c005/sc07/index.html (retrieved 2026-10-12; no "current through" date shown; history of § 1465 ends 84 Del. Laws, c. 312, § 1)

(4) "Assault weapon" means any of the following:

a. An assault long gun.

b. An assault pistol.

c. A copycat weapon.

[...]

(6) "Copycat weapon" means any of the following: [...]

b. A semiautomatic, centerfire rifle that has an overall length of less than 30 inches. [...]

Other prongs of § 1465(6) reach a semiautomatic centerfire rifle that can accept a detachable magazine and has a folding or telescoping stock, a pistol-type grip, a forward pistol grip, a flash suppressor or a grenade or flare launcher ((6)a), and a semiautomatic centerfire rifle with a fixed magazine that can accept more than 17 rounds ((6)h). A "flash suppressor" is defined in § 1465(9) as "a device that functions, or is intended to function, to perceptibly reduce or redirect muzzle flash from the shooter's field of vision." Section 1465(6)c.2 also reaches a semiautomatic pistol that can accept a detachable magazine and has "A threaded barrel capable of accepting a flash suppressor, forward pistol grip or silencer."

Source: delcode.delaware.gov/title11/c005/sc07/index.html (retrieved 2026-10-12; no "current through" date shown; history of § 1466 ends 83 Del. Laws, c. 328, § 1)

(a) Prohibitions. — Except as provided in subsection (b) or (c) of this section, it is unlawful for a person to do any of the following: (1) Transport an assault weapon into this State. (2) Manufacture, sell, offer to sell, transfer, purchase, receive, or possess an assault weapon. [...]

(b) Applicability. — This section does not apply to any of the following: [...] (4) Organizations that are required or authorized by federal law governing their specific business or activity to maintain assault weapons. [...]

(d) Penalty. — A violation of this section is a class D felony.

The section heading in the Code reads "class E or F felony," but the penalty subsection quoted above says class D. Subsection (c)(3) allows a person who lawfully possessed, or completed a purchase of, an assault weapon before June 30, 2022 to keep and transport it only at the person's residence, place of business or other permitted property, at a shooting range, at certain firearms exhibitions, and between those places in secure storage. The other (b) exemptions cover federal personnel, armed forces and National Guard members and law-enforcement officers acting in an official capacity, certain dealers and manufacturers, inheritance, personal representatives of estates, qualified retired law-enforcement officers, armored car guards, and certain testing laboratories; (c) adds dealer and family-transfer provisions. None is a general exception for an individual's NFA-registered item.

Source: delcode.delaware.gov/title7/c007/sc01/index.html (retrieved 2026-10-12; history ends 85 Del. Laws c. 151, § 6)

Whoever uses a silencer or noise-reducing contrivance on any firearm or airgun when hunting for game or fowl, shall be guilty of a class C environmental violation.

Source: code.dccouncil.gov/us/dc/council/code/sections/22-4514 (retrieved 2026-10-12; no "current through" date shown; latest amendment listed is D.C. Law 25-175, June 8, 2024)

(a) No person shall within the District of Columbia possess any item that is, in fact, a machine gun, sawed-off shotgun, bump stock, ghost gun, knuckles, or any instrument or weapon of the kind commonly known as a blackjack, slungshot, sand club, sandbag, switchblade knife, nor any instrument, attachment, or appliance for causing the firing of any firearm to be silent or intended to lessen or muffle the noise of the firing of any firearms; provided, however, that machine guns, or sawed-off shotgun, bump stock, ghost gun, knuckles, and blackjacks may be possessed by the members of the Army, Navy, Air Force, or Marine Corps of the United States, the National Guard, or Organized Reserves when on duty, the Post Office Department or its employees when on duty, marshals, sheriffs, prison or jail wardens, or their deputies, policemen, or other duly-appointed law enforcement officers, including any designated civilian employee of the Metropolitan Police Department, or officers or employees of the United States duly authorized to carry such weapons, banking institutions, public carriers who are engaged in the business of transporting mail, money, securities, or other valuables, wholesale dealers and retail dealers licensed under § 22-4510.

[...]

(c) Whoever violates this section shall be punished as provided in § 22-4515 unless:

(1) The violation involves possession of a sawed-off shotgun, or ghost gun, in which case such person shall be fined no more than the amount set forth in § 22-3571.01, or incarcerated for no more than 5 years, or both;

(2) The violation involves possession of a machine gun, in which case such person shall be fined no more than the amount set forth in § 22-3571.01, or incarcerated for no more than 5 years, which shall be imposed consecutive to any other sentence of imprisonment, or both; or

(3) The violation occurs after such person has been convicted in the District of Columbia of a violation of this section, or of a felony, either in the District of Columbia or in another jurisdiction, in which case such person shall be fined no more than the amount set forth in § 22-3571.01, or incarcerated for no more than 10 years, or both.

Note: the proviso exempts only military/law enforcement/etc. and licensed dealers, and by its grammar lists machine guns, sawed-off shotguns, bump stocks, ghost guns, knuckles and blackjacks, but NOT the silencer clause; thus no listed class is exempt for silencers.

Source: code.dccouncil.gov/us/dc/council/code/sections/7-2502.02 (retrieved 2026-10-12; no "current through" date shown)

(a) A registration certificate shall not be issued for a:

(1) Sawed-off shotgun;

(2) Machine gun;

(3) Short-barreled rifle;

(4) Pistol not validly registered to the current registrant in the District prior to September 24, 1976, except that [...]

[...]

Source: code.dccouncil.gov/us/dc/council/code/sections/7-2502.01 (retrieved 2026-10-12; latest amendment listed D.C. Law 24-347, Apr. 21, 2023)

(a) Except as otherwise provided in this unit, no person or organization in the District of Columbia ("District") shall receive, possess, control, transfer, offer for sale, sell, give, or deliver any destructive device, and no person or organization in the District shall possess or control any firearm, unless the person or organization holds a valid registration certificate for the firearm. [...]

(b) Subsection (a) of this section shall not apply to: (1)(A) Qualified law enforcement officers [...] (2) Any person holding a dealer's license [...] (3) With respect to firearms, any nonresident of the District participating in any lawful recreational firearm-related activity in the District, or on his way to or from such activity in another jurisdiction; provided, that [...] his possession or control of such firearm is lawful in the jurisdiction in which he resides; [...]

Source: code.dccouncil.gov/us/dc/council/code/sections/7-2501.01 (retrieved 2026-10-12; latest amendment listed D.C. Law 24-347, 2023)

(9) "Firearm" means any weapon, regardless of operability, which will, or is designed or redesigned, made or remade, readily converted, restored, or repaired, or is intended to, expel a projectile or projectiles by the action of an explosive; the frame or receiver of any such device; or any firearm muffler or silencer; provided, that such term shall not include: (A) Antique firearms; or (B) Destructive devices; [...]

(15) "Sawed-off shotgun" means a shotgun having a barrel of less than 18 inches in length; or a firearm made from a shotgun if such firearm as modified has an overall length of less than 26 inches or any barrel of less than 18 inches in length.

(17) "Short barreled rifle" means a rifle having any barrel less than 16 inches in length, or a firearm made from a rifle if such firearm as modified has an overall length of less than 26 inches or any barrel of less than 16 inches.

Destructive device, verbatim (same URL):

(7) "Destructive device" means: (A) An explosive, incendiary, or poison gas bomb, grenade, rocket, missile, mine, or similar device; (B) Any device by whatever name known which will, or is designed or redesigned, or may be readily converted or restored to expel a projectile by the action of an explosive or other propellant through a smooth bore barrel, except a shotgun; (C) Any device containing tear gas or a chemically similar lacrimator or sternutator by whatever name known; (D) Repealed. (E) Any combination of parts designed or intended for use in converting any device into any destructive device; [...]

Source: code.dccouncil.gov/us/dc/council/code/sections/22-4515 (retrieved 2026-10-12; last amended D.C. Law 19-317, 2013)

Any violation of any provision of this chapter for which no penalty is specifically provided shall be punished by a fine of not more than the amount set forth in § 22-3571.01 or imprisonment for not more than 1 year, or both.

So silencer possession (no specific penalty in § 22-4514(c)) is a misdemeanor-level offense (up to 1 year) absent a prior conviction; with a prior conviction, § 22-4514(c)(3) allows up to 10 years.

Source: leg.state.fl.us/statutes/index.cfm?App_mode=Display_Sta… (retrieved 2026-10-12; 2026 Florida Statutes; history ends ch. 97-102, so no recent amendment)

(1) It is unlawful for any person to own or to have in his or her care, custody, possession, or control any short-barreled rifle, short-barreled shotgun, or machine gun which is, or may readily be made, operable; but this section shall not apply to antique firearms.

(2) A person who violates this section commits a felony of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.

(3) Firearms in violation hereof which are lawfully owned and possessed under provisions of federal law are excepted.

Source: leg.state.fl.us/statutes/index.cfm?App_mode=Display_Sta… (retrieved 2026-10-12; 2026 Florida Statutes; history ends s. 4, ch. 2023-18)

(9) "Firearm" means any weapon (including a starter gun) which will, is designed to, or may readily be converted to expel a projectile by the action of an explosive; the frame or receiver of any such weapon; any firearm muffler or firearm silencer; any destructive device; or any machine gun. [...]

(13) "Machine gun" means any firearm which shoots, or is designed to shoot, automatically more than one shot, without manually reloading, by a single function of the trigger.

(17) "Short-barreled shotgun" means a shotgun having one or more barrels less than 18 inches in length and any weapon made from a shotgun (whether by alteration, modification, or otherwise) if such weapon as modified has an overall length of less than 26 inches.

(6) "Destructive device" means [...] any device declared a destructive device by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms; any type of weapon which will, is designed to, or may readily be converted to expel a projectile by the action of any explosive and which has a barrel with a bore of one-half inch or more in diameter; [...]

(16) "Short-barreled rifle" means a rifle having one or more barrels less than 16 inches in length and any weapon made from a rifle (whether by alteration, modification, or otherwise) if such weapon as modified has an overall length of less than 26 inches.

Source: leg.state.fl.us/statutes/index.cfm?App_mode=Display_Sta… (retrieved 2026-10-12; 2026 Florida Statutes; history ends s. 1, ch. 2021-15)

(1) PREEMPTION. — Except as expressly provided by the State Constitution or general law, the Legislature hereby declares that it is occupying the whole field of regulation of firearms and ammunition, including the purchase, sale, transfer, taxation, manufacture, ownership, possession, storage, and transportation thereof, to the exclusion of all existing and future county, city, town, or municipal ordinances or any administrative regulations or rules adopted by local or state government relating thereto. [...]

I reviewed the Ch. 790 table of contents (2026 Fla. Stat.). No section title addresses silencers/suppressors or AOWs; only s. 790.221 (SBR/SBS/MG), s. 790.222 (bump stocks), s. 790.16 (discharging machine guns), s. 790.161 (destructive devices).

Source: advance.lexis.com/ (retrieved 2026-10-12; current through the 2026 Special Session of the General Assembly)

As used in this part, the term:

(1) "Dangerous weapon" means any weapon commonly known as a "rocket launcher," "bazooka," or "recoilless rifle" which fires explosive or nonexplosive rockets designed to injure or kill personnel or destroy heavy armor, or similar weapon used for such purpose. The term shall also mean a weapon commonly known as a "mortar" which fires high explosive from a metallic cylinder and which is commonly used by the armed forces as an antipersonnel weapon or similar weapon used for such purpose. The term shall also mean a weapon commonly known as a "hand grenade" or other similar weapon which is designed to explode and injure personnel or similar weapon used for such purpose.

(2) "Machine gun" means any weapon which shoots or is designed to shoot, automatically, more than six shots, without manual reloading, by a single function of the trigger.

[...]

(4) "Sawed-off rifle" means a weapon designed or redesigned, made or remade, and intended to be fired from the shoulder; and designed or redesigned, made or remade, to use the energy of the explosive in a fixed metallic cartridge to fire only a single projectile through a rifle bore for each single pull of the trigger; and which has a barrel or barrels of less than 16 inches in length or has an overall length of less than 26 inches.

(5) "Sawed-off shotgun" means a shotgun or any weapon made from a shotgun whether by alteration, modification, or otherwise having one or more barrels less than 18 inches in length or if such weapon as modified has an overall length of less than 26 inches.

[...]

(7) "Silencer" means any device for silencing or diminishing the report of any portable weapon such as a rifle, carbine, pistol, revolver, machine gun, shotgun, fowling piece, or other device from which a shot, bullet, or projectile may be discharged by an explosive.

Source: advance.lexis.com/ (retrieved 2026-10-12; current through the 2026 Special Session of the General Assembly)

No person shall have in his possession any sawed-off shotgun, sawed-off rifle, machine gun, dangerous weapon, or silencer except as provided in Code Section 16-11-124.

Source: advance.lexis.com/ (retrieved 2026-10-12; current through the 2026 Special Session of the General Assembly)

A person commits the offense of unlawful possession of firearms or weapons when he or she knowingly has in his or her possession any sawed-off shotgun, sawed-off rifle, machine gun, dangerous weapon, or silencer, and, upon conviction thereof, he or she shall be punished by imprisonment for a period of five years.

Source: advance.lexis.com/ (retrieved 2026-10-12; current through the 2026 Special Session of the General Assembly; history shows Ga. L. 2024, p. 81 (HB 299) inserted "space force" in paragraph (2), which the quote below elides)

This part shall not apply to:

(1) A peace officer of any duly authorized police agency of this state [...] or a law enforcement officer of any department or agency of the United States who is regularly employed and paid [...] in the official performance of his duties;

(2) A member of the National Guard or of the armed forces of the United States [...] who, while serving therein, possesses such firearm in the line of duty;

(3) Any sawed-off shotgun, sawed-off rifle, machine gun, dangerous weapon, or silencer which has been modified or changed to the extent that it is inoperative. [...];

(4) Possession of a sawed-off shotgun, sawed-off rifle, machine gun, dangerous weapon, or silencer by a person who is authorized to possess the same because he has registered the sawed-off shotgun, sawed-off rifle, machine gun, dangerous weapon, or silencer in accordance with the dictates of the National Firearms Act, 68A Stat. 725 (26 U.S.C. Sections 5841-5862); and

(5) A security officer employed by a federally licensed nuclear power facility [...]. The exemption under this paragraph does not include the possession of silencers.

Source: advance.lexis.com/ (retrieved 2026-10-12; current through the 2026 Special Session of the General Assembly)

In any complaint, accusation, or indictment and in any action or proceeding brought for the enforcement of this part it shall not be necessary to negative any exception, excuse, proviso, or exemption contained in this part, and the burden of proof of any such exception, excuse, proviso, or exemption shall be upon the defendant.

Source: data.capitol.hawaii.gov/hrscurrent/Vol03_Ch0121-0200D/H… (retrieved 2026-10-12; history note ends "am L 2025, c 18, §3", so current through Act 18 of 2025)

The manufacture, possession, sale, barter, trade, gift, transfer, or acquisition of any of the following shall be prohibited: assault pistols, except as provided by section 134-4(e); automatic firearms; rifles with barrel lengths less than sixteen inches; ghost guns; shotguns with barrel lengths less than eighteen inches; cannons; mufflers, silencers, or devices for deadening or muffling the sound of discharged firearms; hand grenades, dynamite, blasting caps, bombs, or bombshells, or other explosives; or any type of ammunition or any projectile component thereof coated with teflon or any other similar coating designed primarily to enhance its capability to penetrate metal or pierce protective armor; and any type of ammunition or any projectile component thereof designed or intended to explode or segment upon impact with its target.

Source: data.capitol.hawaii.gov/hrscurrent/Vol03_Ch0121-0200D/H… (retrieved 2026-10-12)

(d) Any person violating subsection (a) or (b) shall be guilty of a class C felony and shall be imprisoned for a term of five years without probation. [...]

(e) In any prosecution for the manufacture, possession, sale, barter, trade, gift, transfer, or acquisition of a ghost gun, it shall be an affirmative defense that the person holds a current license to sell and manufacture firearms for sale under section 134-31, or that the person is a dealer licensed by the United States Department of Justice, or that the firearm is not required to have a serial number under the federal Gun Control Act of 1968.

Subsection (e) is limited to ghost guns and does not apply to suppressors, short rifles or short shotguns.

Source: data.capitol.hawaii.gov/hrscurrent/Vol03_Ch0121-0200D/H… (retrieved 2026-10-12; history note ends "am L 2025, c 18, §1")

"Automatic firearm" means any firearm that shoots, is designed to shoot, or can be readily modified to shoot automatically more than one shot, without a manual reloading, by a single function of the trigger. This term shall also include the frame or receiver of any such firearm, any part designed and intended solely and exclusively, or any combination of parts designed and intended, for use in converting a firearm into an automatic firearm, and any combination of parts from which an automatic firearm can be assembled if the parts are in the possession or under the control of a single person.

"Pistol" or "revolver" means any firearm of any shape with a barrel less than sixteen inches in length and capable of discharging loaded ammunition or any noxious gas.

"Silencer", "rifle" and "shotgun" are not defined in § 134-1. The assault pistol definition reads in part: "a semiautomatic pistol that accepts a detachable magazine and has two or more of the following characteristics: [...] (2) A threaded barrel capable of accepting a barrel extender, flash suppressor, forward hand grip, or silencer; [...] but does not include a firearm with a barrel sixteen or more inches in length, an antique pistol as defined in this section, or a curio or relic as those terms are used in 18 United States [Code...]".

Source: legislature.idaho.gov/statutesrules/idstat/Title18/T18C… (retrieved 2026-10-12; site states "Idaho Statutes are updated to the website July 1 following the legislative session"; history shows only 1994 enactment)

(1) It shall be unlawful for any person under the age of eighteen (18) years to possess or have in possession any handgun.

(2) Except as provided by federal law, a minor under the age of eighteen (18) years may not possess the following:

(a) A sawed-off rifle or sawed-off shotgun; or

(b) A full automatic weapon.

(3) Any person who violates the provisions of subsection (2) (a) of this section is guilty of a misdemeanor.

(4) Any person who violates the provisions of subsection (2) (b) of this section is guilty of a felony.

(5) For purposes of this section:

(a) "Full automatic weapon" means any firearm which fires, is designed to fire, or can be readily restored to fire, automatically more than one (1) bullet, or other missile without reloading, by a single function of the trigger.

[...]

(Note: "sawed-off rifle/shotgun" is not defined in this section.)

Source: legislature.idaho.gov/statutesrules/idstat/Title18/T18C… (retrieved 2026-10-12; same currency note; history through 2019)

(2) As used in this section:

(a) "Firearm" means a handgun and does not include:

(i) Any machine gun, as defined in 26 U.S.C. section 5845(b);

(ii) Any firearm silencer, as defined in 18 U.S.C. section 921; or

(iii) Any destructive device, as defined in 18 U.S.C. section 921.

[...]

This only limits what a retired officer may carry under that license; it does not restrict private ownership.

Source: legislature.idaho.gov/statutesrules/idstat/Title18/T18C… (retrieved 2026-10-12; history: added 2010, ch. 244; no later amendment shown)

(1)(b) "Firearms accessories" means items that are used in conjunction with or mounted upon a firearm but are not essential to the basic function of a firearm including, but not limited to, telescopic or laser sights, magazines, flash or sound suppressors, folding or aftermarket stocks and grips, speedloaders, ammunition, ammunition carriers and lights for target illumination.

(2) A personal firearm, a firearm accessory, or ammunition that is manufactured commercially or privately in Idaho and that remains within the borders of Idaho is not subject to federal law or federal regulation, including registration, under the authority of congress to regulate interstate commerce. It is declared by the legislature that those items have not traveled in interstate commerce. [...]

(4) Subsections (2) and (3) of this section do not apply to: [...] (d) A firearm that discharges two (2) or more rounds of ammunition with one (1) activation of the trigger or other firing device.

(5) A firearm manufactured or sold in Idaho under this section shall have the words "Made in Idaho" clearly stamped on a central metallic part, such as the receiver or frame.

This is a state declaration about federal law, not a state permission or prohibition; it does not itself restrict anything and its legal effect against federal law is a separate question outside this guide. It expressly excludes automatic-fire firearms.

Source: legislature.idaho.gov/statutesrules/idstat/Title18/T18C… (retrieved 2026-10-12; history: added 2014, am. 2021, ch. 329)

(4) All Idaho government entities are prohibited from using any personnel, funds, or other resources to enforce, administer, or support the enforcement of any executive order, agency order, treaty, law, rule, or regulation of the United States government enacted or promulgated on or after the effective date of this act upon a firearm, firearm component, firearm accessory, or ammunition if contrary to the provisions of section 11, article I of the constitution of the state of Idaho.

(7)(a) "Firearm accessory" means an item that is used in conjunction with or mounted upon a firearm, including but not limited to telescopic or laser sights, magazines, flash or sound suppressors, folding or aftermarket stocks and grips, speedloaders, braces, ammunition, ammunition carriers, and lights for target illumination.

This limits Idaho officials' participation in enforcing new federal rules; it does not restrict private possession.

Source: legislature.idaho.gov/statutesrules/idstat/Title18/T18C… (retrieved 2026-10-12; same currency note; history shows an amendment by 2026 ch. 295, sec. 1, so the quoted text is the post-amendment text)

(1) The legislature finds that uniform laws regulating firearms are necessary to protect the individual citizen's right to bear arms [...]. It is the legislature's intent to wholly occupy the field of firearms regulation within this state.

(2) Except as expressly authorized by state statute, no county, city, agency, board or any other political subdivision of this state may adopt or enforce any law, rule, regulation, ordinance, executive order, or policy which regulates in any manner the sale, acquisition, transfer, ownership, possession, transportation, carrying or storage of firearms or any element relating to firearms and components thereof, including ammunition. [...]

Source: ilga.gov/legislation/ilcs/fulltext?DocName=072000050K24… (retrieved 2026-10-12; official ILGA text; Source note ends "P.A. 102-538, eff. 8-20-21; 102-1116, eff. 1-10-23; 103-822, eff. 1-1-25." ILGA warns the database may not yet reflect very recent Public Acts.)

(a) A person commits the offense of unlawful possession of weapons when he knowingly: [...]

(6) Possesses any device or attachment of any kind designed, used or intended for use in silencing the report of any firearm; or

(7) Sells, manufactures, purchases, possesses or carries:

(i) a machine gun, which shall be defined for the purposes of this subsection as any weapon, which shoots, is designed to shoot, or can be readily restored to shoot, automatically more than one shot without manually reloading by a single function of the trigger, including the frame or receiver of any such weapon, or sells, manufactures, purchases, possesses, or carries any combination of parts designed or intended for use in converting any weapon into a machine gun, or any combination or parts from which a machine gun can be assembled if such parts are in the possession or under the control of a person;

(ii) any rifle having one or more barrels less than 16 inches in length or a shotgun having one or more barrels less than 18 inches in length or any weapon made from a rifle or shotgun, whether by alteration, modification, or otherwise, if such a weapon as modified has an overall length of less than 26 inches; or

(iii) any bomb, bomb-shell, grenade, bottle or other container containing an explosive substance of over one-quarter ounce for like purposes, such as, but not limited to, black powder bombs and Molotov cocktails or artillery projectiles; [...]

(b) Sentence. [...] a person convicted of a violation of subsection 24-1(a)(6), 24-1(a)(7)(ii), 24-1(a)(7)(iii), or 24-1(a)(16) commits a Class 3 felony. A person convicted of a violation of subsection 24-1(a)(7)(i) commits a Class 2 felony and shall be sentenced to a term of imprisonment of not less than 3 years and not more than 7 years, unless the weapon is possessed in the passenger compartment of a motor vehicle [...] or on the person, while the weapon is loaded, in which case it shall be a Class X felony. [...] The possession of each weapon or device in violation of this Section constitutes a single and separate violation.

(c) Violations in specific places. (1) A person who violates subsection 24-1(a)(6) or 24-1(a)(7) in any school, regardless of the time of day or the time of year, [...] in a public park, in a courthouse, [...] in any conveyance owned, leased, or contracted by a public transportation agency, or on any public way within 1,000 feet of the real property comprising any school, public park, courthouse, public transportation facility, or residential property owned, operated, or managed by a public housing agency or leased by a public housing agency as part of a scattered site or mixed-income development commits a Class 2 felony and shall be sentenced to a term of imprisonment of not less than 3 years and not more than 7 years.

(d) The presence in an automobile other than a public omnibus of any weapon, instrument or substance referred to in subsection (a)(7) is prima facie evidence that it is in the possession of, and is being carried by, all persons occupying such automobile at the time such weapon, instrument or substance is found, except under the following circumstances: [...]

Note (d) refers to (a)(7) only (SBR/SBS/MG/bombs), not the (a)(6) silencer ban.

Source: ilga.gov/legislation/ilcs/fulltext?DocName=072000050K24… (retrieved 2026-10-12; Source note ends "P.A. 103-154, eff. 6-30-23; 104-417, eff. 8-15-25.")

(c) Subsection 24-1(a)(7) does not apply to or affect any of the following: (1) Peace officers while in performance of their official duties. (2) Wardens, superintendents, and keepers of prisons, penitentiaries, jails, and other institutions for the detention of persons accused or convicted of an offense. (3) Members of the Armed Services or Reserve Forces of the United States or the Illinois National Guard, while in the performance of their official duty. (4) Manufacture, transportation, or sale of machine guns to persons authorized under subdivisions (1) through (3) of this subsection to possess machine guns [...] (5) Persons licensed under federal law to manufacture any weapon from which 8 or more shots or bullets can be discharged by a single function of the firing device, or ammunition for such weapons, and actually engaged in the business of manufacturing such weapons or ammunition, but only with respect to activities which are within the lawful scope of such business [...]

(g-5) Subsection 24-1(a)(6) does not apply to or affect persons licensed under federal law to manufacture any device or attachment of any kind designed, used, or intended for use in silencing the report of any firearm, firearms, or ammunition for those firearms equipped with those devices, and actually engaged in the business of manufacturing those devices, firearms, or ammunition, but only with respect to activities that are within the lawful scope of that business, such as the manufacture, transportation, or testing of those devices, firearms, or ammunition. This exemption does not authorize the general private possession of any device or attachment of any kind designed, used, or intended for use in silencing the report of any firearm [...]

(g-7) Subsection 24-1(a)(6) does not apply to a peace officer while serving as a member of a tactical response team or special operations team. A peace officer may not personally own or apply for ownership of a device or attachment of any kind designed, used, or intended for use in silencing the report of any firearm. These devices shall be owned and maintained by lawfully recognized units of government whose duties include the investigation of criminal acts.

(c)(7) A person possessing a rifle with a barrel or barrels less than 16 inches in length if: (A) the person has been issued a Curios and Relics license from the U.S. Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives; or (B) the person is an active member of a bona fide, nationally recognized military re-enacting group and the modification is required and necessary to accurately portray the weapon for historical re-enactment purposes; the re-enactor is in possession of a valid and current re-enacting group membership credential; and the overall length of the weapon as modified is not less than 26 inches.

(h) An information or indictment based upon a violation of any subsection of this Article need not negate any exemptions contained in this Article. The defendant shall have the burden of proving such an exemption.

Section 24-2(c)(7), quoted above, exempts from 24-1(a)(7) a person possessing a rifle with a barrel under 16 inches who holds a federal Curios and Relics (C&R) license, or a bona fide re-enactment-group member (overall length at least 26 inches). It covers rifles only, not short-barreled shotguns, and is keyed to a C&R license rather than NFA registration. No other exemption for private SBR/SBS owners and none for civilian suppressor owners appears in 24-2 (subsections (a)-(b), (d)-(f), (i) concern law enforcement, security, carry, transport, other paragraphs).

Source: iga.in.gov/laws/2025/ic/titles/35 (retrieved 2026-10-12; official 2025 Indiana Code on iga.in.gov, Title 35 > Art. 47 > Ch. 5 table of contents shows Sections 0.1, 1, 3, 4, 4.1, 6, 7, 11, 12 "Repealed"; remaining sections are 2, 2.5, 5, 8, 9, 10, 11.5, 13)

IC 35-47-5-4.1 Repealed

As added by P.L.1-1990, SEC.351. Amended by P.L.2-1991, SEC.107; P.L.158-2013, SEC.593. Repealed by P.L.84-2015, SEC.4.

Before its repeal that section made dealing in or possessing a sawed-off shotgun an offense.

The same chapter lists no section on suppressors, silencers, short-barreled rifles or any other weapons; its current sections (2025 Code) are Knife with a Detachable Blade, Possession of a Knife on School Property, Application of Chapter, Machine Gun, Operating Loaded Machine Gun, Applicability of Statutes Relating to Machine Guns, Armor-Piercing Ammunition, and Unlawful Use of Body Armor, with the rest repealed.

Source: iga.in.gov/laws/2025/ic/titles/35 (retrieved 2026-10-12; 2025 Code; history: P.L.311-1983, am. P.L.104-2000, P.L.123-2002, P.L.158-2013)

Sec. 8. A person who knowingly or intentionally owns or possesses a machine gun commits a Level 5 felony.

Source: iga.in.gov/laws/2025/ic/titles/35 (retrieved 2026-10-12; 2025 Code; history ends P.L.80-2023, SEC.3)

Sec. 10. The provisions of section 8 or 9 of this chapter do not apply to any of the following: [...] (3) The ownership, possession, or operation of a machine gun by any of the law enforcement officers of this state or the United States while acting in the furtherance of their duties. [...] (7) The ownership, possession, or operation of a machine gun by persons possessing, or having applied to possess, machine guns under applicable United States statutes. Such machine guns must be transferred as provided in this article. [...] (9) The ownership, possession, or operation of: (A) a machine gun; or (B) another item; not required to be registered in the National Firearms Registration and Transfer Record maintained by the federal Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives.

Paragraph (9), added by P.L.80-2023, is a state exemption keyed to the federal NFRTR: it exempts a machine gun or other item "not required to be registered" in the NFRTR. I did not analyze how it applies to an unregistered but registration-required machine gun; (7) still requires possession or application "under applicable United States statutes."

Source: iga.in.gov/laws/2025/ic/titles/35 (retrieved 2026-10-12; 2025 Code; history ends P.L.175-2022, SEC.17)

Sec. 13. (a) The state may seek [...] to have a person who allegedly committed an offense of dealing in a controlled substance under IC 35-48-4-1 through IC 35-48-4-4 sentenced to an additional fixed term of imprisonment if the state can show beyond a reasonable doubt that the person knowingly or intentionally: (1) used a firearm; or (2) possessed a: (A) handgun in violation of IC 35-47-2-1.5; (B) sawed-off shotgun in violation of federal law; or (C) machine gun in violation of IC 35-47-5-8; while committing the offense. [...] (c) [...] the court may sentence the person to an additional fixed term of imprisonment of not more than five (5) years, except as follows: (1) If the firearm is a sawed-off shotgun, the court may sentence the person to an additional fixed term of imprisonment of not more than ten (10) years. (2) If the firearm is a machine gun or is equipped with a firearm silencer or firearm muffler, the court may sentence the person to an additional fixed term of imprisonment of not more than twenty (20) years. [...]

Source: iga.in.gov/laws/2025/ic/titles/35 (retrieved 2026-10-12; 2025 Code; history: P.L.114-2012, am. P.L.84-2015)

Sec. 282. "Sawed-off shotgun", for purposes of IC 35-50-2-13, means: (1) a shotgun having one (1) or more barrels less than eighteen (18) inches in length; and (2) any weapon made from a shotgun (whether by alteration, modification, or otherwise) if the weapon as modified has an overall length of less than twenty-six (26) inches.

Source: iga.in.gov/laws/2025/ic/titles/35 (retrieved 2026-10-12; 2025 Code; added by P.L.66-2016, SEC.7, no later amendment shown)

Sec. 2. (a) If the certification of a chief law enforcement officer is required by federal law for the transfer or manufacture of an NFA firearm, the chief law enforcement officer shall issue the certification not later than fifteen (15) days after receipt of a completed request for certification, unless the applicant is: (1) prohibited by law from receiving or possessing a firearm; or (2) the subject of a proceeding that could result in the applicant being prohibited by law from receiving or possessing a firearm.

("NFA firearm" is defined in Sec. 1(4) as "a firearm as defined in 26 U.S.C. 5845(a)".) Where federal law requires a chief law enforcement officer's certification, this chapter generally requires the officer to issue it on time, subject to the chapter's exceptions; it creates no state restriction.

Source: iga.in.gov/laws/2025/ic/titles/35 (retrieved 2026-10-12; 2025 Code; added by P.L.152-2011, SEC.4, no later amendment shown)

Sec. 2. Except as provided in section 4 of this chapter, a political subdivision may not regulate: (1) firearms, ammunition, and firearm accessories; (2) the ownership, possession, carrying, transportation, registration, transfer, and storage of firearms, ammunition, and firearm accessories; and (3) commerce in and taxation of firearms, firearm ammunition, and firearm accessories.

Source: legis.iowa.gov/docs/code/724.pdf (retrieved 2026-10-12; footer "Iowa Code 2026, Chapter 724", PDF generated Dec. 9, 2025; later amendments may not be reflected)

1. As used in this section, unless the context otherwise requires:

a. "Certification" means the participation and assent of the chief law enforcement officer of the jurisdiction where the applicant resides or maintains an address of record, that is necessary under federal law for the approval of an application to make or transfer a firearm suppressor.

[...]

c. "Firearm suppressor" means a mechanical device specifically constructed and designed so that when attached to a firearm it silences, muffles, or suppresses the sound when fired and that is considered a "firearm silencer" or "firearm muffler" as defined in 18 U.S.C. §921.

2. [...] b. When the certification of the chief law enforcement officer is required by federal law or regulation for making or transferring a firearm suppressor, the chief law enforcement officer shall, within thirty days of receipt of a request for certification, issue such certification if the applicant is not prohibited by law from making or transferring a firearm suppressor [...]

Source: legis.iowa.gov/docs/code/724.pdf (retrieved 2026-10-12; same currency note)

1. A person shall not knowingly possess a firearm suppressor in this state in violation of federal law.

2. A person who possesses a firearm suppressor in violation of subsection 1 commits a class "D" felony.

Source: legis.iowa.gov/docs/code/724.pdf (retrieved 2026-10-12; same currency note)

1. For purposes of this section, "short-barreled rifle" or "short-barreled shotgun" means the same as defined in 18 U.S.C. §921.

2. A person shall not knowingly possess a short-barreled rifle or short-barreled shotgun in violation of federal law.

3. A person who possesses a short-barreled rifle or short-barreled shotgun in violation of subsection 2 commits a class "D" felony.

Source: legis.iowa.gov/docs/code/724.1.pdf (retrieved 2026-10-12; "Iowa Code 2026, Section 724.1", generated Dec. 13, 2025)

1. An offensive weapon is any device or instrumentality of the following types:

a. A machine gun. A machine gun is a firearm which shoots or is designed to shoot more than one shot, without manual reloading, by a single function of the trigger.

b. Any weapon other than a shotgun or muzzle loading rifle, cannon, pistol, revolver or musket, which fires or can be made to fire a projectile by the explosion of a propellant charge, which has a barrel or tube with the bore of more than six-tenths of an inch in diameter, or the ammunition or projectile therefor, but not including antique weapons kept for display or lawful shooting.

c. A destructive device as defined in section 101A.1.

[...]

(No suppressor, SBR, SBS or AOW category appears in 724.1.)

Source: legis.iowa.gov/docs/code/724.3.pdf (retrieved 2026-10-12; Iowa Code 2026)

Any person, other than a person authorized in this chapter, who knowingly possesses an offensive weapon commits a class "D" felony.

Source: legis.iowa.gov/docs/code/724.2.pdf (retrieved 2026-10-12; Iowa Code 2026)

1. Any of the following persons or entities is authorized to possess an offensive weapon when the person's or entity's duties or lawful activities require or permit such possession: a. Any peace officer. [...] e. Any person who under the laws of this state and the United States, is lawfully engaged in the business of supplying those authorized to possess such devices. f. Any person, firm or corporation who under the laws of this state and the United States is lawfully engaged in the improvement, invention or manufacture of firearms. [...]

Source: legis.iowa.gov/docs/code/724.pdf (retrieved 2026-10-12; same currency note)

2. A political subdivision of the state shall not enact an ordinance, motion, resolution, policy, or amendment regulating the ownership, possession, carrying, legal transfer, lawful transportation, modification, registration, or licensing of firearms, firearms attachments, or other weapons when the ownership, possession, carrying, transfer, transportation, or modification is otherwise lawful under the laws of this state. [...]

Source: sos.ks.gov/publications/sessionlaws/2026/Chapter-101-HB… (retrieved 2026-10-12; "Approved April 9, 2026"; marked "Amended by Chapter 155")

The act's title describes it as "removing the criminal prohibition against firearm suppressors and shotgun barrel length qualification requirements; providing for enhanced penalties for certain felonies committed while using a firearm suppressor or short-barrel shotgun."

Section 2 strikes these words from K.S.A. 21-6301(a):

(4) possessing any device or attachment of any kind designed, used or intended for use in suppressing the report of any firearm;

and strikes "a shotgun with a barrel less than 18 inches in length, or" from the next paragraph. As amended, the paragraph reads:

(4) selling, manufacturing, purchasing or possessing any firearm designed to discharge or capable of discharging automatically more than once by a single function of the trigger, whether the person knows or has reason to know that the firearm is designed or capable of discharging automatically;

Section 2 also strikes the former Kansas-made suppressor exemption, which is no longer needed. The federal-compliance exception that remains applies only to automatic firearms:

(g) Subsection (a)(4) shall not apply to or affect any person or entity in compliance with the national firearms act, 26 U.S.C. § 5801 et seq.

Section 3 makes the matching change to K.S.A. 21-6302 (criminal carrying of a weapon), which as amended reads:

(5) any firearm designed to discharge or capable of discharging automatically more than once by a single function of the trigger whether the person knows or has reason to know that the firearm is designed or capable of discharging automatically.

Section 4 adds a sentencing rule to K.S.A. 21-6804:

(2) When a firearm is used to commit any nonperson felony, the offender's sentence shall be one severity level above the appropriate level for such offense if the trier of fact makes a finding beyond a reasonable doubt that such firearm was: (A) Equipped with a device designed to suppress the report of the firearm; or (B) a shotgun equipped with a forend and having a barrel less than 18 inches in length.

Section 5 adds a similar rule for drug felonies to K.S.A. 21-6805.

Sec. 7. This act shall take effect and be in force from and after its publication in the statute book.

Source: sos.ks.gov/publications/sessionlaws/2026/2026-Session-L… (retrieved 2026-10-12; "Date of Publication of this Volume July 1, 2026")

The Secretary of State's authentication says the laws in the volume "will take effect and be in force on and after the 1st day of July, AD 2026, except when otherwise provided."

Source: ksrevisor.gov/statutes/chapters/ch21/021_063_0001.html (retrieved 2026-10-12; history line ends "L. 2021, ch. 94, § 2; July 1")

The Revisor's online page still showed the pre-2026 text, including the suppressor and short-shotgun clauses, when I retrieved it. The session law above is the later enactment.

Source: ksrevisor.gov/statutes/chapters/ch50/050_012_0004.html (retrieved 2026-10-12; L. 2013, ch. 100, § 4)

(a) A personal firearm, a firearm accessory or ammunition that is manufactured commercially or privately and owned in Kansas and that remains within the borders of Kansas is not subject to any federal law, treaty, federal regulation, or federal executive action, including any federal firearm or ammunition registration program, under the authority of congress to regulate interstate commerce. It is declared by the legislature that those items have not traveled in interstate commerce. [...]

(b) Component parts are not firearms, firearms accessories or ammunition, and their importation into Kansas and incorporation into a firearm, a firearm accessory or ammunition manufactured and owned in Kansas does not subject the firearm, firearm accessory or ammunition to federal regulation. [...]

Source: ksrevisor.gov/statutes/chapters/ch12/012_016_0124.html (retrieved 2026-10-12)

(a) No city or county shall adopt or enforce any ordinance, resolution or regulation, and no agent of any city or county shall take any administrative action, governing the requirement of fees, licenses or permits for, the commerce in or the sale, purchase, transfer, ownership, storage, carrying, transporting or taxation of firearms or ammunition, or any component or combination thereof. [...]

Source: apps.legislature.ky.gov/law/statutes/statute.aspx?id=19… (retrieved 2026-10-12; official LRC site, current version, effective July 15, 1994)

(4) "Firearm" means any weapon which will expel a projectile by the action of an explosive.

Note: Chapter 527's index (apps.legislature.ky.gov/law/statutes/chapter.aspx?id=39…; page states "Includes enactments through the 2026 Regular Session" and "The KRS database was last updated on 10/12/2026") lists no section on silencers, SBRs, SBSs, or AOWs (sections: .010 definitions, .020 carrying concealed deadly weapon, .030 defacing, .040 felon possession, .050 defaced firearm, .060 forfeiture, .070 school property, .080 restricted ammunition, .090 fraudulent transaction, .100/.110 juveniles, .200-.210 weapons of mass destruction).

Note: Chapter 237's index (apps.legislature.ky.gov/law/statutes/chapter.aspx?id=38…; page states "Includes enactments through the 2026 Regular Session") lists no section on silencers, suppressors, short-barreled rifles or shotguns, or any other weapons; its sections cover the right to buy firearms (.020), destructive devices (.030-.050), definitions and sales (.060-.090), the sheriff certification (.075), concealed-carry licensing (.102-.142), rights and registry protections (.104-.154) and shooting ranges (.200-.220).

Source: apps.legislature.ky.gov/law/statutes/statute.aspx?id=11… (retrieved 2026-10-12; official LRC page, created 1972)

A person is guilty of criminal possession of a destructive device or a booby trap device when he possesses, manufactures, or transports such substance or device with: (1) Intent to use that device to commit an offense against the laws of this state, a political subdivision thereof, or of the United States; or (2) Knowledge that some other person intends to use that device to commit an offense [...] (3) Mere possession without substantial evidence of the requisite intent is insufficient to bring action under KRS 237.030 to 237.050.

Source: apps.legislature.ky.gov/law/statutes/statute.aspx?id=11… (retrieved 2026-10-12; official LRC site, effective June 26, 2007)

(1) Residents of the Commonwealth of Kentucky who are citizens of the United States shall have the right to purchase or otherwise acquire rifles, shotguns, handguns, and any other firearms which they are permitted to purchase or otherwise acquire under federal law and the Kentucky Revised Statutes from properly licensed dealers, manufacturers, importers, or collectors, and unlicensed individual persons in Kentucky or in any other state or nation [...]

[...]

(4) All such sales shall conform to the requirements of federal law, the Kentucky Revised Statutes, applicable local ordinances, and the law of the purchaser's state.

Source: apps.legislature.ky.gov/law/statutes/statute.aspx?id=43… (retrieved 2026-10-12; official LRC page, effective July 15, 2014; history "Created 2014 Ky. Acts ch. 120, sec. 3")

(1)(a) "Certification" means the participation and assent of the chief law enforcement officer necessary under federal law for the approval of the application to transfer or make a firearm; [...] (c) "Firearm" has the same meaning as provided in the National Firearms Act, 26 U.S.C. sec. 5845(a).

(2)(a) When a chief law enforcement officer's certification is required by federal law or regulation for the transfer or making of a firearm, the chief law enforcement officer shall, within fifteen (15) days of receipt of a request for certification, provide this certification if the applicant is not prohibited by law from receiving or possessing the firearm [...]

Source: apps.legislature.ky.gov/law/statutes/statute.aspx?id=11… (retrieved 2026-10-12; official LRC site, effective July 12, 2006)

(1) No person, unit of government, or governmental organization shall, during a period of disaster or emergency as specified in KRS Chapter 39A or at any other time, have the right to revoke, suspend, limit the use of, or otherwise impair the validity of the right of any person to purchase, transfer, loan, own, possess, carry, or use a firearm, firearm part, ammunition, ammunition component, or any deadly weapon or dangerous instrument.

[...]

(3) The provisions of this section shall not apply to the taking of an item [...] from a person who is: (a) Forbidden to possess a firearm pursuant to KRS 527.040; (b) Forbidden to possess a firearm pursuant to federal law; [...]

Source: apps.legislature.ky.gov/law/statutes/statute.aspx?id=53… (retrieved 2026-10-12; official LRC site, effective March 28, 2023)

(1)(b) "Federal ban" means a federal law, executive order, rule, or regulation that is enacted, adopted, or becomes effective on or after January 1, 2021, or a new and more restrictive interpretation of a law that existed on January 21, 2021, that infringes upon, calls into question, prohibits, restricts, or requires individual licensure for or registration of the purchase, ownership, possession, transfer, or use of any firearm, ammunition, or firearm accessory;

(2) No law enforcement agency, law enforcement officer, [...] public agency, public official, [...] or employee of a local government shall enforce, assist in the enforcement of, or otherwise cooperate in the enforcement of a federal ban on firearms, ammunition, or firearm accessories [...]

(5) [...] An offense under this section is a Class B misdemeanor for the first offense and a Class A misdemeanor for each subsequent offense.

Source: apps.legislature.ky.gov/law/statutes/statute.aspx?id=54… (retrieved 2026-10-12; official LRC site, effective July 15, 2024)

(2) No person, unit of government, or governmental organization shall, during a period of disaster or emergency [...] or at any other time, knowingly and willfully keep or cause to be kept any list, record, or registry of privately owned firearms or any list, record, or registry of the owners of the firearms, except for those records kept during the regular course of a criminal investigation and prosecution or as otherwise required by law.

Source: apps.legislature.ky.gov/law/statutes/statute.aspx?id=40… (retrieved 2026-10-12; official LRC site, effective July 12, 2012)

(1) No existing or future city, county, urban-county government, charter county, consolidated local government, unified local government, special district, local or regional public or quasi-public agency, board, commission, department, public corporation, or any person acting under the authority of any of these organizations may occupy any part of the field of regulation of the manufacture, sale, purchase, taxation, transfer, ownership, possession, carrying, storage, or transportation of firearms, ammunition, components of firearms, components of ammunition, firearms accessories, or combination thereof.

(2) Any existing or future ordinance, [...] or any other form of executive or legislative action in violation of this section or the spirit thereof is hereby declared null, void, and unenforceable.

Source: legis.la.gov/legis/LawPrint.aspx?d=169763 (retrieved 2026-10-12; shows amendment history through Acts 2023, No. 120, eff. Aug. 1, 2023; no later amendment shown)

(3) "Firearm" means a shotgun having a barrel of less than eighteen inches in length; a rifle having a barrel of less than sixteen inches in length; any weapon made from either a rifle or a shotgun if the weapon has been modified to have an overall length of less than twenty-six inches; any other firearm, pistol, revolver, or shotgun from which the serial number or mark of identification has been obliterated, from which a shot is discharged by an explosive, if that weapon is capable of being concealed on the person; or a machine gun, grenade launcher, bazooka, rocket launcher, excluding black powder weapons, or gas grenade; and includes a muffler or silencer for any firearm, whether or not the firearm is included within this definition. Pistols and revolvers and those rifles and shotguns which have not previously been defined in this Paragraph as firearms from which serial numbers or marks of identification have not been obliterated are specifically exempt from this definition.

[...]

(5) "Machine gun" means any weapon which shoots, is designed to shoot, or can be readily restored to shoot automatically more than one shot without manual reloading by a single function of the trigger. [...] The term shall not include items that are not required to be registered in the National Firearms Registration and Transfer Record maintained by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives.

[...]

(7) "Muffler" or "silencer" includes any device for silencing or diminishing the report of any portable weapon such as a rifle, carbine, pistol, revolver, machine gun, submachine gun, shotgun, fowling piece, or other device from which a shot, bullet, or projectile may be discharged by an explosive and is not limited to mufflers and silencers for firearms as defined in this Section.

(8) "Transfer" includes the sale, assignment, pledge, lease, loan, gift, or other disposition of any firearm.

Source: legis.la.gov/legis/LawPrint.aspx?d=169767 (retrieved 2026-10-12; amended Acts 2013, No. 398, eff. Aug. 1, 2013)

No person shall receive, possess, carry, conceal, buy, sell, or transport any firearm which has not been registered or transferred in accordance with Title 18 or Title 26 of the United States Code as applicable.

Source: legis.la.gov/legis/LawPrint.aspx?d=169764 (retrieved 2026-10-12)

This Part does not apply to the following persons and things:

(1) Sheriffs or equivalent municipal officers in municipalities of over ten thousand, when they are acting in their official capacity.

(2) The arms, accoutrements, and equipment of the military and naval forces of the United States or of other officers of the United States authorized by law to possess weapons of any kind.

(3) The arms, accoutrements, and equipment of the militia.

(4) Any firearm which is unserviceable and which is transferred as a curiosity or ornament.

Source: legis.la.gov/legis/LawPrint.aspx?d=169772 (retrieved 2026-10-12)

The department may prescribe such rules and regulations as are necessary for carrying out the provisions of this Part.

Under regulations prescribed by the department, any firearm may be imported or brought into this state or possessed or transferred when the purpose thereof is shown to be lawful.

Source: legis.la.gov/legis/LawPrint.aspx?d=169773 (retrieved 2026-10-12)

Upon the first violation of any provision of this Part the penalty shall be a fine of not less than five hundred dollars nor more than two thousand dollars and imprisonment with or without hard labor for not less than one nor more than five years. For any subsequent violation of this Part the penalty shall be a fine of not less than two thousand dollars nor more than five thousand dollars and imprisonment at hard labor for not less than five years nor more than ten years.

Source: legis.la.gov/legis/LawPrint.aspx?d=169765 and ...d=169766 (retrieved 2026-10-12)

Repealed by Acts 2013, No. 398, §2, eff. August 1, 2013.

(These were the former state registration/application provisions; the state's own registry was repealed and replaced by the federal-conformity rule in 1785. 1786 and 1787 also show repeal.)

Source: legis.la.gov/legis/LawPrint.aspx?d=920665 (retrieved 2026-10-12; history shows Acts 2014, No. 229 and No. 378; no later amendment shown)

Any person who is authorized to possess a firearm sound suppressor, as evidenced by payment and possession of the required federal tax stamp issued by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives, may use a firearm fitted with a sound suppressor when taking game birds, wild quadrupeds, outlaw quadrupeds, nutria, or beaver as provided by R.S. 56:116.1. Any person who has been convicted of a class four or greater hunting violation for a period of five years after the date of such conviction shall not use a firearm fitted with a sound suppressor pursuant to this Section. Possession or use of a sound suppressor by a person other than as permitted by this Section shall be considered in violation of this Section and shall be punished as a class six violation in accordance with the provisions of R.S. 56:36.

Note: this is a registration-type test ("payment and possession of the required federal tax stamp"). With the $0 tax, "payment" and "required" stamp are awkward for unregistered or $0 items; hunting use by an unregistered suppressor is outside the permission and a class six wildlife violation.

Source: legislature.maine.gov/statutes/17-A/title17-Asec1051.ht… (retrieved 2026-10-12; page data extracted 10/05/2026; history: PL 1975, c. 499, §1 (NEW); RR 2025, c. 2, Pt. F, §69 (COR))

1. A person is guilty of possession of a machine gun if, without authority to do so, that person knowingly possesses a machine gun.

2. As used in this chapter, "machine gun" means a weapon of any description, by whatever name known, loaded or unloaded, which is capable of discharging a number of projectiles in rapid succession by one manual or mechanical action on the trigger or firing mechanism.

3. Possession of a machine gun is a Class D crime.

Source: legislature.maine.gov/statutes/12/title12sec11214.html (retrieved 2026-10-12; page data extracted 10/05/2026; history includes PL 2015, c. 262, §2; PL 2021, c. 112, §3; PL 2023, c. 239, §§26-29; PL 2023, c. 431, §§5-8); excerpted

1. Prohibition. A person may not:

A. Use for hunting or possess for hunting any automatic firearm. This paragraph does not apply to: (1) Military organizations authorized by law to bear arms or to the National Guard in the performance of its duty.

B. Use for hunting or possess for hunting any autoloading firearm having a magazine capacity of more than 5 cartridges. All autoloading firearms having a magazine capacity in excess of 5 cartridges must have the magazine permanently altered to contain not more than 5 cartridges before the autoloading firearm may be used in this State for hunting. This paragraph does not apply to: (1) Military organizations authorized by law to bear arms or to the National Guard in the performance of its duty; or (2) Firearms using the .22 caliber rimfire cartridge or smaller caliber cartridge or to any autoloading pistol having a barrel less than 8 inches in length;

C. [PL 2021, c. 112, §3 (RP).]

D. Use for hunting cartridges containing tracer bullets. [...]

E. Use for hunting cartridges containing explosive bullets. [...]

2. Penalty. Except as provided in subsection 1, paragraphs F, I and J, a person who violates subsection 1 commits a Class E crime for which the sentencing alternative may include only the penalties provided in Title 17-A, section 1704, subsection 5 and Title 17-A, section 1705, subsection 5.

Paragraph C, formerly the suppressor paragraph, is repealed. The section contains no sound-suppression provision.

Source: legislature.maine.gov/statutes/12/title12sec11161.html (retrieved 2026-10-12; page data extracted 10/05/2026; titled "Noise suppression devices")

(REPEALED)

History as shown: "PL 2015, c. 262, §1 (NEW). PL 2017, c. 366, §1 (AMD). PL 2021, c. 112, §2 (RP)."

Source: legislature.maine.gov/statutes/12/title12sec10902.html (retrieved 2026-10-12; page data extracted 10/05/2026; subsection history PL 2021, c. 112, §1 (NEW)); excerpted

6-A. Mandatory hunting license revocation when using a suppressor. The commissioner shall suspend a person's hunting license for at least 3 years if that person is convicted of any violation listed in subsection 6 and found to have been in possession, at the time of the offense, of a firearm with a device used to suppress or deaden the sound or natural report of the firearm.

Subsection 6 lists the underlying violations (for example, closed-season violations as to bear, deer or moose, hunting under the influence, night hunting, and discharging a firearm within 100 yards of a dwelling without owner permission). This is a license consequence for those violations; it does not prohibit possessing a suppressor.

Chapters and titles reviewed: 17-A Ch. 43 "Weapons" (table of contents at legislature.maine.gov/statutes/17-A/title17-Ach43sec0.h…): sections 1051 (machine gun possession), 1052, 1053, 1054 (machine gun exemptions, confiscation, forfeiture), 1055 (dangerous knives, repealed), 1056 (armor-piercing ammunition), 1057 (firearms in liquor establishments), 1058 (courthouse), 1059 (correctional facility or jail), 1060 (undetectable firearms). No section on suppressors, short-barreled or sawed-off firearms, or AOWs. The complete official texts of Title 17-A (legislature.maine.gov/statutes/17-A/title17-A.pdf), Title 25 including ch. 252 and ch. 252-A (legislature.maine.gov/statutes/25/title25.pdf), Title 12 (legislature.maine.gov/statutes/12/title12.pdf) and Title 17 (legislature.maine.gov/statutes/17/title17.pdf) (each generated 10.05.2026) were searched for "silencer", "suppressor", "suppression device", "muffler", "short-barrel", "sawed", "short barrel", "any other weapon" and "assault". The only hits relevant to firearms were 12 MRSA § 2458 ("Silencers; automatics; capacity", repealed), § 11161 (repealed), § 10902(6-A) and § 11214 above. The remaining hits were unrelated (17-A § 909 "automated sales suppression device"; motorboat mufflers). No state assault-weapon definition appeared.

Source: legislature.maine.gov/statutes/25/title25sec2011.html (retrieved 2026-10-12; page data extracted 10/05/2026; history ends PL 2011, c. 626, §1 (AMD)); excerpted

1. Preemption. The State intends to occupy and preempt the entire field of legislation concerning the regulation of firearms, components, ammunition and supplies. Except as provided in subsection 3, any existing or future order, ordinance, rule or regulation in this field of any political subdivision of the State is void.

2. Regulation restricted. Except as provided in subsection 3, no political subdivision of the State, including, but not limited to, municipalities, counties, townships and village corporations, may adopt any order, ordinance, rule or regulation concerning the sale, purchase, purchase delay, transfer, ownership, use, possession, bearing, transportation, licensing, permitting, registration, taxation or any other matter pertaining to firearms, components, ammunition or supplies.

3. Exception. This section does not prohibit an order, ordinance, rule or regulation of any political subdivision which, with the exception of appropriate civil penalty provisions, conforms exactly with any applicable provision of state law or which regulates the discharge of firearms within a jurisdiction.

Source: legislature.maine.gov/statutes/25/title25sec2013.html (retrieved 2026-10-12; page data extracted 10/05/2026; history PL 2015, c. 262, §3 (NEW)); excerpted

1. Definitions. ... C. "Firearm" has the same meaning as in the National Firearms Act, 26 United States Code, Section 5845(a).

2. Chief law enforcement officer's certification. Within 15 days of receipt of an application for certification, the chief law enforcement officer shall provide the certification unless the chief law enforcement officer has information that prevents the chief law enforcement officer from providing the certification. A. If the chief law enforcement officer denies an application for certification under this section, the chief law enforcement officer shall provide the applicant with a written notification of the denial and the reason for the denial, which may not be based upon a generalized objection to a private person's possessing, making or transferring a firearm or to a certain type of firearm that is otherwise lawful. ...

Source: legislature.maine.gov/statutes/25/title25sec2014.html (retrieved 2026-10-12; page data extracted 10/05/2026; history PL 2017, c. 175, §1 (NEW))

Notwithstanding any other provision of law to the contrary, a government agency of this State or a political subdivision of this State may not keep or cause to be kept a comprehensive registry of privately owned firearms and the owners of those firearms within its jurisdiction.

Source: mgaleg.maryland.gov/mgawebsite/Laws/StatuteText?article… (retrieved 2026-10-12; official General Assembly site, no currency note on page)

(c) (1) "Handgun" means a pistol, revolver, or other firearm capable of being concealed on the person.

(2) "Handgun" includes a short-barreled shotgun and a short-barreled rifle.

(3) "Handgun" does not include a shotgun, rifle, or antique firearm.

[...]

(f) "Short-barreled rifle" means:

(1) a rifle that has one or more barrels less than 16 inches long; or

(2) a weapon that has an overall length of less than 26 inches and that was made from a rifle, whether by alteration, modification, or otherwise.

(g) "Short-barreled shotgun" means:

(1) a shotgun that has one or more barrels less than 18 inches long; or

(2) a weapon that has an overall length of less than 26 inches long and was made from a shotgun, whether by alteration, modification, or otherwise.

Source: mgaleg.maryland.gov/mgawebsite/Laws/StatuteText?article… (retrieved 2026-10-12)

(a) (1) Except as provided in subsection (b) of this section, a person may not:

(i) wear, carry, or transport a handgun, whether concealed or open, on or about the person;

(ii) wear, carry, or knowingly transport a handgun, whether concealed or open, in a vehicle traveling on a road or parking lot generally used by the public, highway, waterway, or airway of the State;

[...]

(b) This section does not prohibit: [...] (3) the carrying of a handgun on the person or in a vehicle while the person is transporting the handgun to or from the place of legal purchase or sale, or to or from a bona fide repair shop, or between bona fide residences of the person, or between the bona fide residence and place of business of the person, if the business is operated and owned substantially by the person if each handgun is unloaded and carried in an enclosed case or an enclosed holster; [...]

(c) (1) A person who violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor [...] (2) [...] not less than 30 days and not exceeding 5 years or a fine of not less than $250 and not exceeding $2,500 or both [...]

Source: mgaleg.maryland.gov/mgawebsite/Laws/StatuteText?article… (retrieved 2026-10-12; official General Assembly site, no currency note on page)

§ 5-201 (g) "Short-barreled rifle" has the meaning stated in § 4-201 of the Criminal Law Article.

§ 5-201 (h) "Short-barreled shotgun" has the meaning stated in § 4-201 of the Criminal Law Article.

§ 5-202 This subtitle does not apply to a short-barreled rifle or short-barreled shotgun that is:

(1) an antique firearm as defined in § 4-201 of the Criminal Law Article;

(2) a device designed or redesigned for use other than as a weapon;

(3) a device designed or redesigned for use as a signaling, pyrotechnic, line throwing, safety, or similar device; or

(4) a firearm that cannot:

(i) discharge a projectile by an explosive; and

(ii) be readily restored to a firing condition.

The rest of Subtitle 2 of Title 5 (§§ 5-204 to 5-206: adjacent-state purchase of rifles and shotguns, and persons prohibited from possessing a rifle or shotgun) does not mention suppressors, short-barreled firearms, or the NFA.

Source: mgaleg.maryland.gov/mgawebsite/Laws/StatuteText?article… (retrieved 2026-10-12; official General Assembly site, no currency note on page)

(a) A person may not possess a short–barreled rifle or short–barreled shotgun unless:

(1) the person, while on official business is: (i) a member of the law enforcement personnel of the federal government, the State, or a political subdivision of the State; (ii) a member of the armed forces or the National Guard while on duty or traveling to or from duty; (iii) a member of the law enforcement personnel of another state or a political subdivision of another state, while temporarily in this State; (iv) a warden or correctional officer of a correctional facility in the State; or (v) a sheriff or a temporary or full–time deputy sheriff; or

(2) the short–barreled shotgun or short–barreled rifle has been registered with the federal government in accordance with federal law.

(b) In a prosecution under this section, the defendant has the burden of proving the lawful registration of the short-barreled shotgun or short-barreled rifle.

(c) A person who violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 5 years or a fine not exceeding $5,000 or both.

Source: mgaleg.maryland.gov/mgawebsite/Laws/StatuteText?article… (retrieved 2026-10-12)

(n) (1) "Handgun" means a firearm with a barrel less than 16 inches in length.

(2) "Handgun" includes signal, starter, and blank pistols.

[...]

(r) "Regulated firearm" means:

(1) a handgun; or

(2) a firearm that is any of the following specific assault weapons or their copies, regardless of which company produced and manufactured that assault weapon: [...]

Source: mgaleg.maryland.gov/mgawebsite/Laws/StatuteText?article… (retrieved 2026-10-12)

(b) A dealer or any other person may not sell, rent, or transfer a handgun to a purchaser, lessee, or transferee unless the purchaser, lessee, or transferee presents to the dealer or other person a valid handgun qualification license issued to the purchaser, lessee, or transferee by the Secretary under this section.

(Exemptions in (a) include antique, curio, or relic firearms "as defined in federal law"; not relevant to NFA registration.)

Source: mgaleg.maryland.gov/mgawebsite/Laws/StatuteText?article… (retrieved 2026-10-12)

(a) This section supersedes any restriction that a local jurisdiction in the State imposes on the possession by a private party of a regulated firearm, and the State preempts the right of any local jurisdiction to regulate the possession of a regulated firearm.

Source: mgaleg.maryland.gov/mgawebsite/Laws/StatuteText?article… (retrieved 2026-10-12; official General Assembly site, no currency note on page)

(h) (1) "Copycat weapon" means:

(i) a semiautomatic centerfire rifle that can accept a detachable magazine and has any two of the following: 1. a folding stock; 2. a grenade launcher or flare launcher; or 3. a flash suppressor;

(ii) a semiautomatic centerfire rifle that has a fixed magazine with the capacity to accept more than 10 rounds;

(iii) a semiautomatic centerfire rifle that has an overall length of less than 29 inches;

(iv) a semiautomatic pistol with a fixed magazine that can accept more than 10 rounds;

(v) a semiautomatic shotgun that has a folding stock; or

(vi) a shotgun with a revolving cylinder.

[...]

(j) "Flash suppressor" means a device that functions, or is intended to function, to perceptibly reduce or redirect muzzle flash from the shooter's field of vision.

Source: mgaleg.maryland.gov/mgawebsite/Laws/StatuteText?article… (retrieved 2026-10-12; official General Assembly site, no currency note on page)

(a) Except as provided in subsection (b) of this section, a person may not:

(1) transport an assault weapon into the State; or

(2) possess, sell, offer to sell, transfer, purchase, or receive an assault weapon.

Exceptions in (b) cover assault pistols lawfully possessed before June 1, 1994 and registered before August 1, 1994; a licensed dealer's inventory lawfully possessed on or before October 1, 2013; a person who "lawfully possessed, has a purchase order for, or completed an application to purchase an assault long gun or a copycat weapon before October 1, 2013"; transport to or from a ballistics testing laboratory; and court-ordered surrender. None refers to the NFA or federal law. Section 4-302 separately excludes official personnel acting in the scope of official business, firearms "modified to render it permanently inoperative", certain licensed dealers and manufacturers, inheritance, and retired law enforcement officers.

Source: mgaleg.maryland.gov/mgawebsite/Laws/StatuteText?article… (retrieved 2026-10-12; official General Assembly site, no currency note on page)

(a) Except as otherwise provided in this subtitle, a person who violates this subtitle is guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 3 years or a fine not exceeding $5,000 or both.

Source: mgaleg.maryland.gov/mgawebsite/Laws/StatuteText?article… (retrieved 2026-10-12; official General Assembly site, no currency note on page)

(d) (1) (i) In this subsection, "firearm silencer" means a device that is designed for silencing, muffling, or diminishing the report of a firearm.

(ii) "Firearm silencer" includes a combination of parts designed, redesigned, or intended for use in assembling or fabricating a firearm silencer or muffler.

(2) A court shall double the minimum mandatory sentence provided in subsection (c)(1)(ii) of this section if the firearm used during and in relation to a drug trafficking crime is: [...] (iii) equipped with a firearm silencer.

This applies only to a firearm used during and in relation to a drug trafficking crime. It does not by its terms prohibit possessing, buying, or making a suppressor.

Source: mgaleg.maryland.gov/mgawebsite/Laws/StatuteText?article… (retrieved 2026-10-12; official General Assembly site, no currency note on page)

(c) (1) A person who acquires a machine gun shall register the machine gun with the Secretary of State Police: (i) within 24 hours after acquiring the machine gun; and (ii) in each succeeding year during the month of May.

§ 4-404: use/possession in a crime of violence is a felony, up to 20 years.

Source: malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartIV/TitleI/Chapte… (retrieved 2026-10-12; no amendment notice seen)

Any person, other than a federally licensed firearms manufacturer, an authorized agent of the municipal police training committee, or a duly authorized sworn law enforcement officer while acting within the scope of official duties and under the direct authorization of the police chief or his designee, or the colonel of the state police, who sells or keeps for sale, or offers, or gives or disposes of by any means other than submitting to an authorized law enforcement agency, or uses or possesses any instrument, attachment, weapon or appliance for causing the firing of any gun, revolver, pistol or other firearm to be silent or intended to lessen or muffle the noise of the firing of any gun, revolver, pistol or other firearm, including any combination of parts designed or redesigned and intended for use in assembling or fabricating any such instrument, attachment, weapon or appliance and any part intended only for use in such assembly or fabrication, shall be punished by imprisonment for not more than five years in state prison or for not more than two and one-half years in a jail or house of correction. Nothing contained herein shall be construed to prohibit a federally licensed firearms manufacturer from selling such instrument, attachment, weapon, appliance or parts to authorized law enforcement agencies for law enforcement purposes or to the municipal police training committee for law enforcement training. Upon conviction of a violation of this section, the instrument, attachment or other article shall be confiscated by the commonwealth and forwarded, by the authority of the written order of the court, to the colonel of the state police, who shall destroy said article.

Source: malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartIV/TitleI/Chapte… (retrieved 2026-10-12)

(c) Whoever, except as provided by law, possesses a machine gun, as defined in section one hundred and twenty-one of chapter one hundred and forty, without permission under section one hundred and thirty-one of said chapter one hundred and forty; or whoever owns, possesses or carries on his person, or carries on his person or under his control in a vehicle, a sawed-off shotgun, automatic part, bump stock, rapid-fire trigger activator or trigger modifier, as those terms are defined in said section one hundred and twenty-one of said chapter one hundred and forty, shall be punished by imprisonment in the state prison for life, or for any term of years provided that any sentence imposed under the provisions of this paragraph shall be subject to the minimum requirements of paragraph (a). [...]

(d) Whoever, after having been convicted of any of the offenses set forth in paragraph (a), (b) or (c) commits a like offense or any other of the said offenses, shall be punished by imprisonment in the state prison for not less than five years nor more than seven years; [...]

Source: malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartI/TitleXX/Chapte… (retrieved 2026-10-12)

''Firearm'', a stun gun, pistol, revolver, rifle, shotgun, sawed-off shotgun, large capacity firearm, assault-style firearm and machine gun, loaded or unloaded, which is designed to or may readily be converted to expel a shot or bullet; the frame or receiver of any such firearm or the unfinished frame or receiver of any such firearm; provided, however, that ''firearm'' shall not include any antique firearm or permanently inoperable firearm.

''Sawed-off shotgun'', any firearm made from a shotgun, whether by alteration, modification or otherwise, if such firearm as modified has one or more barrels less than 18 inches in length or as modified has an overall length of less than 26 inches.

''Machine gun'', a firearm, loaded or unloaded, which may automatically discharge more than 1 shot by a continuous activation of the trigger, whether originally manufactured as such or modified by automatic conversion, [...]

''Rifle'', a firearm having a rifled bore with a barrel length equal to or greater than 16 inches and capable of discharging a shot or bullet for each pull of the trigger.

''Shotgun'', a firearm having a smooth bore with a barrel length equal to or greater than 18 inches with an overall length equal to or greater than 26 inches, and capable of discharging a shot or bullet for each pull of the trigger.

''Assault-style firearm'', any firearm which is: (a) a semiautomatic, centerfire rifle with the capacity to accept a detachable feeding device and includes at least 2 of the following features: (i) a folding or telescopic stock; (ii) a thumbhole stock or pistol grip; (iii) a forward grip [...]; (iv) a threaded barrel designed to accommodate a flash suppressor or muzzle break or similar feature; or (v) a shroud [...]. (b) a semiautomatic pistol with the capacity to accept a detachable feeding device and includes at least 2 of the following features: [...] (iii) a threaded barrel capable of accepting a flash suppressor, forward handgrip or silencer; [...] (c) a semiautomatic shotgun that includes at least 2 of the following features: [...] [...]

(The (d)-(g) clauses on roster, named models and exclusions were omitted with [...].) Note the gap: a firearm with a rifled bore and barrel under 16 inches is not a "rifle" or "shotgun" as defined, but remains a "firearm" (designed to expel a shot or bullet) and is not a "sawed-off shotgun" unless made from a shotgun.

Source: malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartI/TitleXX/Chapte… (retrieved 2026-10-12)

(f) No person shall be issued a license to carry a machine gun in the commonwealth, except that a licensing authority may issue a machine gun license to: (i) a firearm instructor certified by the municipal police training committee for the sole purpose of firearm instruction to police personnel; or (ii) a bona fide collector of firearms as defined in section 121 upon application or upon application for renewal of such license. Clauses (i) and (ii) of this paragraph shall not apply to automatic devices or automatic parts.

Source: malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartIV/TitleI/Chapte… (retrieved 2026-10-12)

(a) Whoever, except as provided or exempted by statute, knowingly has in his possession; or knowingly has under his control in a vehicle; a firearm, loaded or unloaded, as defined in section one hundred and twenty-one of chapter one hundred and forty without either: (1) being present in or on his residence or place of business; or (2) having in effect a license to carry firearms issued under section one hundred and thirty-one [...] shall be punished by imprisonment in the state prison for not less than two and one-half years nor more than five years, or for not less than 18 months nor more than two and one-half years in a jail or house of correction. The sentence imposed on such person shall not be reduced to less than 18 months, nor suspended [...]

Source: legislature.mi.gov/Laws/MCL?objectName=mcl-750-224 (retrieved 2026-10-12; page states "Michigan Compiled Laws Complete Through PA 103 of 2026")

(1) A person shall not manufacture, sell, offer for sale, or possess any of the following:

(a) A machine gun or firearm that shoots or is designed to shoot automatically more than 1 shot without manual reloading, by a single function of the trigger.

(b) A muffler or silencer.

(c) A bomb or bombshell.

[...]

(2) A person who violates subsection (1) is guilty of a felony, punishable by imprisonment for not more than 5 years, or a fine of not more than $2,500.00, or both.

(3) Subsection (1) does not apply to any of the following:

(a) A self-defense spray or foam device as defined in section 224d.

(b) A person manufacturing firearms, explosives, or munitions of war by virtue of a contract with a department of the government of the United States.

(c) A person licensed by the secretary of the treasury of the United States or the secretary's delegate to manufacture, sell, or possess a machine gun, or a device, weapon, cartridge, container, or contrivance described in subsection (1).

(4) As used in this chapter, "muffler" or "silencer" means 1 or more of the following:

(a) A device for muffling, silencing, or deadening the report of a firearm.

(b) A combination of parts, designed or redesigned, and intended for use in assembling or fabricating a muffler or silencer.

(c) A part, designed or redesigned, and intended only for use in assembling or fabricating a muffler or silencer.

Source: legislature.mi.gov/Laws/MCL?objectName=mcl-750-224b (retrieved 2026-10-12; complete through PA 103 of 2026)

(1) A person shall not make, manufacture, transfer, or possess a short-barreled shotgun or a short-barreled rifle.

(2) A person who violates subsection (1) is guilty of a felony punishable by imprisonment for not more than 5 years or a fine of not more than $2,500.00, or both.

(3) Subsection (1) does not apply to a short-barreled shotgun or short-barreled rifle that is lawfully made, manufactured, transferred, or possessed under federal law.

(4) A person, excluding a manufacturer, lawfully making, transferring, or possessing a short-barreled shotgun or short-barreled rifle that is 26 inches or less in length under this section shall comply with section 2 or 2a of 1927 PA 372, MCL 28.422 and 28.422a.

(5) A person who possesses a short-barreled shotgun or short-barreled rifle that is greater than 26 inches in length under this section shall possess a copy of the federal registration of that short-barreled shotgun or short-barreled rifle while transporting or using that short-barreled shotgun or short-barreled rifle and shall present that federal registration to a peace officer upon request by that peace officer.

(6) A person who violates subsection (5) is responsible for a state civil infraction and may be fined not more than $100.00. A short-barreled shotgun or short-barreled rifle carried in violation of subsection (5) is subject to immediate seizure by a peace officer. [...] If the person does not display the federal registration within the 45-day period, the short-barreled shotgun or short-barreled rifle is subject to seizure and forfeiture [...] under sections 4701 to 4709 of the revised judicature act of 1961, 1961 PA 236, MCL 600.4701 to 600.4709.

(7) Section 20 of chapter XVI of the code of criminal procedure, 1927 PA 175, MCL 776.20, applies to subsection (3).

Source: legislature.mi.gov/Laws/MCL?objectName=mcl-750-222 (retrieved 2026-10-12; complete through PA 103 of 2026)

(k) "Short-barreled rifle" means a rifle having 1 or more barrels less than 16 inches in length or a weapon made from a rifle, whether by alteration, modification, or otherwise, if the weapon as modified has an overall length of less than 26 inches.

(l) "Short-barreled shotgun" means a shotgun having 1 or more barrels less than 18 inches in length or a weapon made from a shotgun, whether by alteration, modification, or otherwise, if the weapon as modified has an overall length of less than 26 inches.

Source: legislature.mi.gov/Laws/MCL?objectName=mcl-776-20 (retrieved 2026-10-12)

In any prosecution for the violation of any acts of the state relative to use, licensing and possession of pistols or firearms, the burden of establishing any exception, excuse, proviso or exemption contained in any such act shall be upon the defendant but this does not shift the burden of proof for the violation.

Source: legislature.mi.gov/Laws/MCL?objectName=mcl-28-422 (retrieved 2026-10-12)

(1) Except as otherwise provided in this act, a person shall not do either of the following:

(a) Purchase, carry, possess, or transport a pistol in this state without first having obtained a license for the pistol as prescribed in this section.

(b) Purchase a firearm that is not a pistol in this state without first having obtained a license for the firearm as prescribed in this section. [...]

Source: legislature.mi.gov/Laws/MCL?objectName=mcl-28-422a (retrieved 2026-10-12; complete through PA 103 of 2026)

Sec. 2a. (1) The following individuals are not required to obtain a license under section 2 to purchase, carry, possess, use, or transport a firearm: [...] (d) An individual purchasing a firearm other than a pistol who has a federal national instant criminal background check performed on the individual by a federally licensed firearms dealer not more than 5 days before the purchase. [...]

(Mechanics of the rest of the section were not quoted. This is the licensing/record route 750.224b(4) points to for items 26 in. or shorter.)

Source: legislature.mi.gov/Laws/MCL?objectName=mcl-123-1102 (retrieved 2026-10-12)

Sec. 2. A local unit of government shall not impose special taxation on, enact or enforce any ordinance or regulation pertaining to, or regulate in any other manner the ownership, registration, purchase, sale, transfer, transportation, or possession of pistols, other firearms, or pneumatic guns, ammunition for pistols or other firearms, or components of pistols or other firearms, except as otherwise provided by federal law or a law of this state.

Source: revisor.mn.gov/statutes/cite/609.66 (retrieved 2026-10-12; "2025 Minnesota Statutes"; history lists latest amendment 2024 c 115 art 16 s 41; 2026 session changes not shown)

Subd. 1a. Felony crimes; suppressors; reckless discharge.

(a) Whoever does any of the following is guilty of a felony and may be sentenced as provided in paragraph (b):

(1) sells or has in possession a suppressor that is not lawfully possessed under federal law;

(2) intentionally discharges a firearm under circumstances that endanger the safety of another; or

(3) recklessly discharges a firearm within a municipality.

(b) A person convicted under paragraph (a) may be sentenced as follows:

(1) if the act was a violation of paragraph (a), clause (2), or if the act was a violation of paragraph (a), clause (1) or (3), and was committed in a public housing zone, [...] a school zone, [...] or a park zone, [...] to imprisonment for not more than five years or to payment of a fine of not more than $10,000, or both; or

(2) otherwise, to imprisonment for not more than two years or to payment of a fine of not more than $5,000, or both.

(c) As used in this subdivision, "suppressor" means any device for silencing, muffling, or diminishing the report of a portable firearm, including any combination of parts, designed or redesigned, and intended for use in assembling or fabricating a firearm silencer or firearm muffler, and any part intended only for use in such assembly or fabrication.

Subd. 2. Exceptions. Nothing in this section prohibits the possession of the articles mentioned by museums or collectors of art or for other lawful purposes of public exhibition.

Source: revisor.mn.gov/statutes/cite/609.67 (retrieved 2026-10-12; "2025 Minnesota Statutes"; latest amendment 2024 c 127 art 36 s 2)

Subd. 1(c) "Short-barreled shotgun" means a shotgun having one or more barrels less than 18 inches in length and any weapon made from a shotgun if such weapon as modified has an overall length less than 26 inches.

Subd. 2. (a) Except as otherwise provided herein, whoever owns, possesses, or operates a machine gun, or any trigger activator or machine gun conversion kit may be sentenced to imprisonment for not more than 20 years or to payment of a fine of not more than $35,000, or both.

(b) Except as otherwise provided herein, whoever owns, possesses, or operates a short-barreled shotgun may be sentenced to imprisonment for not more than five years or to payment of a fine of not more than $10,000, or both.

Subd. 3. Uses permitted. The following persons may own or possess a machine gun or short-barreled shotgun provided the provisions of subdivision 4 are complied with:

(1) law enforcement officers for use in the course of their duties;

(2) chief executive officers of correctional facilities [...];

(3) persons possessing machine guns or short-barreled shotguns which, although designed as weapons, have been determined by the superintendent of the Bureau of Criminal Apprehension or the superintendent's delegate by reason of the date of manufacture, value, design or other characteristics to be primarily collector's items, relics, museum pieces or objects of curiosity, ornaments or keepsakes, and are not likely to be used as weapons;

(4) manufacturers of ammunition who possess and use machine guns for the sole purpose of testing ammunition manufactured for sale to federal and state agencies or political subdivisions;

(5) dealers and manufacturers who are federally licensed to buy and sell, or manufacture machine guns or short-barreled shotguns and who either use the machine guns or short-barreled shotguns in peace officer training under courses approved by the Board of Peace Officer Standards and Training, or are engaged in the sale of machine guns or short-barreled shotguns to federal and state agencies or political subdivisions; and

(6) persons employed by the Minnesota National Guard as security guards, for use in accordance with applicable federal military regulations.

Subd. 4. Report required. (a) A person owning or possessing a machine gun or short-barreled shotgun as authorized by subdivision 3, clause (1), (2), (3), or (4) shall, within ten days after acquiring such ownership or possession, file a written report with the Bureau of Criminal Apprehension [...]

Subd. 5. Exceptions. This section does not apply to members of the armed services of either the United States or the state of Minnesota for use in the course of their duties or to security guards employed by the Minnesota National Guard for use in accordance with applicable federal military regulations.

Subd. 6. Preemption. Laws 1977, chapter 255, supersedes all local ordinances, rules, and regulations.

The section contains no reference to NFA registration.

Source: advance.lexis.com/container?config=00JAAzNzhjOTYxNC0wZj… (retrieved 2026-10-13; current with legislation from the 2026 Regular and First Extraordinary Sessions)

The Code page's table-of-contents title reads "Silencers on firearms; manufacture, sale, possession or use unlawful [For contingent repeal of this section, see Editor's Notes]"; the official code still prints the section in full, with that flag, as of 2026-10-13. The official page for § 97-37-1, which the same 2023 act amends on the same condition, is headed "Until the date that the conditions described in Section 7 of Chapter 461, Laws of 2023, have been met, this section shall read as follows," so the official code continues to display the pre-condition text. That is consistent with the repeal not being in effect, and the Attorney General's Oct. 12, 2026 statement treats § 97-37-31 as operative. The public edition of the code does not display the Editor's Notes themselves. History: Laws 2000 ch. 496; 2015 ch. 433 § 3; 2016 ch. 344 § 1 (approved Apr. 5, 2016). HB 912 (2023) would repeal it only on a contingency; see Related provisions. Enrolled 2016 bill: billstatus.ls.state.ms.us/documents/2016/html/SB/2300-2…; 2026 history page billstatus.ls.state.ms.us/2026/pdf/code_sections/097/00… shows only SB2316 died in committee.

97-37-31. It shall be unlawful for any person, persons, corporation or manufacturing establishment, not duly authorized under federal law, to make, manufacture, sell or possess any instrument or device which, if used on firearms of any kind, will arrest or muffle the report of the firearm when shot or fired. Any person violating this section shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and, upon conviction, shall be fined not more than Five Hundred Dollars ($500.00), or imprisoned in the county jail not more than thirty (30) days, or both.

Note: the 2016 act struck the earlier sentences requiring all such devices to be registered with the Department of Public Safety (and law-enforcement annual inventory).

Source: lexisnexis.com/hottopics/mscode/ (retrieved 2026-10-13; current with legislation from the 2026 Regular and First Extraordinary Sessions)

The Code page carries the notice "This section has more than one version with varying effective dates" and the heading "[Until the date that the conditions described in Section 7 of Chapter 461, Laws of 2023, have been met, this section shall read as follows. See Editor's note.]" The text below is that currently operative version (subsections (1)(a)-(d) summarized in the penalty note). The 2023 ch. 461 § 5 version (which would strike "slingshot" and the silencer clause) takes effect only on the contingency.

97-37-1. (1) Except as otherwise provided in Section 45-9-101, any person who carries, concealed on or about one's person, any bowie knife, dirk knife, butcher knife, switchblade knife, metallic knuckles, blackjack, slingshot, pistol, revolver, or any rifle with a barrel of less than sixteen (16) inches in length, or any shotgun with a barrel of less than eighteen (18) inches in length, machine gun or any fully automatic firearm or deadly weapon, or any muffler or silencer for any firearm, whether or not it is accompanied by a firearm, or uses or attempts to use against another person any imitation firearm, shall, upon conviction, be punished as follows: [...]

(2) It shall not be a violation of this section for any person over the age of eighteen (18) years to carry a firearm or deadly weapon concealed within the confines of his own home or his place of business, or any real property associated with his home or business or within any motor vehicle.

(3) It shall not be a violation of this section for any person to carry a firearm or deadly weapon concealed if the possessor of the weapon is then engaged in a legitimate weapon-related sports activity or is going to or returning from such activity. [...]

(4) For the purposes of this section, "concealed" means hidden or obscured from common observation and shall not include any weapon listed in subsection (1) of this section, including, but not limited to, a loaded or unloaded pistol carried upon the person in a sheath, belt holster or shoulder holster that is wholly or partially visible [...]

(The words "slingshot" and "or any muffler or silencer for any firearm, whether or not it is accompanied by a firearm," are struck by HB 912 Section 5, which takes effect only on its contingency.) Penalties per (1)(a)-(d): first offense fine $100-$500 and/or up to 6 months jail; second offense fine plus 30 days-6 months; third or subsequent 1-5 years; prior felon 1-10 years.

Source: revisor.mo.gov/main/OneSection.aspx?section=571.020 (retrieved 2026-10-12; version "Effective 01 Jan 2017", history through A.L. 2016 H.B. 2332; no later amendment shown, though the revisor site is updated only on effective dates)

1. A person commits an offense if such person knowingly possesses, manufactures, transports, repairs, or sells:

(1) An explosive weapon;

(2) An explosive, incendiary or poison substance or material with the purpose to possess, manufacture or sell an explosive weapon;

(3) A gas gun;

(4) A bullet or projectile which explodes or detonates upon impact because of an independent explosive charge after having been shot from a firearm; or

(5) Knuckles; or

(6) Any of the following in violation of federal law:

(a) A machine gun;

(b) A short-barreled rifle or shotgun;

(c) A firearm silencer; or

(d) A switchblade knife.

2. A person does not commit an offense pursuant to this section if his or her conduct involved any of the items in subdivisions (1) to (5) of subsection 1, the item was possessed in conformity with any applicable federal law, and the conduct:

(1) Was incident to the performance of official duty by the Armed Forces, National Guard, a governmental law enforcement agency, or a penal institution; or

(2) Was incident to engaging in a lawful commercial or business transaction with an organization enumerated in subdivision (1) of this section; or

(3) Was incident to using an explosive weapon in a manner reasonably related to a lawful industrial or commercial enterprise; or

(4) Was incident to displaying the weapon in a public museum or exhibition; or

(5) Was incident to using the weapon in a manner reasonably related to a lawful dramatic performance.

3. An offense pursuant to subdivision (1), (2), (3) or (6) of subsection 1 of this section is a class D felony; a crime pursuant to subdivision (4) or (5) of subsection 1 of this section is a class A misdemeanor.

Source: revisor.mo.gov/main/OneSection.aspx?section=571.010 (retrieved 2026-10-12; version effective 28 Aug 2024)

(9) "Firearm silencer", any instrument, attachment, or appliance that is designed or adapted to muffle the noise made by the firing of any firearm;

(14) "Machine gun", any firearm that is capable of firing more than one shot automatically, without manual reloading, by a single function of the trigger;

(18) "Short barrel", a barrel length of less than sixteen inches for a rifle and eighteen inches for a shotgun, both measured from the face of the bolt or standing breech, or an overall rifle or shotgun length of less than twenty-six inches;

"Explosive weapon", any explosive, incendiary, or poison gas bomb or similar device designed or adapted for the purpose of inflicting death, serious physical injury, or substantial property damage; or any device designed or adapted for delivering or shooting such a weapon. [...]

"Gas gun", any gas ejection device, weapon, cartridge, container or contrivance other than a gas bomb that is designed or adapted for the purpose of ejecting any poison gas that will cause death or serious physical injury, but not any device that ejects a repellant or temporary incapacitating substance;

("Explosive weapon" is subdivision (7), "firearm silencer" (9), "gas gun" (10), "machine gun" (14), "short barrel" (18). "Short-barreled rifle/shotgun" is not separately defined in § 571.010; "short barrel" is defined as above, which tracks federal lengths.)

Source: revisor.mo.gov/main/OneSection.aspx?section=21.750 (retrieved 2026-10-12; effective 28 Aug 2014)

1. The general assembly hereby occupies and preempts the entire field of legislation touching in any way firearms, components, ammunition and supplies to the complete exclusion of any order, ordinance or regulation by any political subdivision of this state. [...]

Source: revisor.mo.gov/main/OneSection.aspx?section=1.420 (retrieved 2026-10-12; effective 12 Jun 2021)

The following federal acts, laws, executive orders, administrative orders, rules, and regulations shall be considered infringements [...] including, but not limited to: (1) Any tax, levy, fee, or stamp imposed on firearms, firearm accessories, or ammunition [...]; (2) Any registration or tracking of firearms, firearm accessories, or ammunition; [...]

Source: mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0450/chapter_0080/part_00… (retrieved 2026-10-12; Montana Code Annotated 2025; Legislature notes printed code prevails; 2027 session amendments not yet reflected)

45-8-336. Possession of silencer. (1) A person commits the offense of possession of a silencer if the person possesses, manufactures, transports, buys, or sells a silencer and has the purpose to use it to commit an offense or knows that another person has such a purpose.

(2) A person convicted of the offense of possession of a silencer is punishable by imprisonment in the state prison for a term of not less than 5 years or more than 30 years or by a fine of not less than $1,000 or more than $20,000, or both.

Source: mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0450/chapter_0080/part_00… (retrieved 2026-10-12; Montana Code Annotated 2025)

45-8-337. Possession of unregistered silencer or of bomb or similar device prima facie evidence of unlawful purpose. Possession of a silencer that is not registered under federal law or of a bomb or similar device charged or filled with one or more explosives is prima facie evidence of a purpose to use the same to commit an offense.

Source: mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0450/chapter_0080/part_00… (retrieved 2026-10-12; Montana Code Annotated 2025)

45-8-340. Sawed-off firearm -- penalty. (1) A person commits the offense of possession of a sawed-off firearm if the person knowingly possesses a rifle or shotgun that when originally manufactured had a barrel length of:

(a) 16 inches or more and an overall length of 26 inches or more in the case of a rifle; or

(b) 18 inches or more and an overall length of 26 inches or more in the case of a shotgun; and

(c) the firearm has been modified in a manner so that the barrel length, overall length, or both, are less than specified in subsection (1)(a) or (1)(b).

(2) The barrel length is the distance from the muzzle to the rear-most point of the chamber.

(3) This section does not apply to firearms possessed:

(a) by a peace officer of this state or one of its political subdivisions;

(b) by an officer of the United States government authorized to carry weapons;

(c) by a person in actual service as a member of the national guard;

(d) by a person called to the aid of one of the persons named in subsections (3)(a) through (3)(c);

(e) for educational or scientific purposes in which the firearms are incapable of being fired;

(f) by a person who has a valid federal tax stamp for the firearm, issued by the bureau of alcohol, tobacco, firearms and explosives; or

(g) by a bona fide collector of firearms if the firearm is a muzzleloading, sawed-off firearm manufactured before 1900.

(4) A person convicted of the offense of possession of a sawed-off firearm shall be fined not less than $200 or more than $500 or be imprisoned in the county jail for not less than 5 days or more than 6 months, or both, upon a first conviction. If a person has one or more prior convictions under this section or one or more prior felony convictions under a law of this state, another state, or the United States, the person shall be fined an amount not to exceed $1,000 or be imprisoned in the state prison for a term not to exceed 5 years, or both.

Source: mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0870/chapter_0060/part_00… (retrieved 2026-10-12; Montana Code Annotated 2025; history ends amd. Sec. 17, Ch. 552, L. 2021)

(1) A person may not: [...]

(c) while hunting, use any device or mechanism devised to silence, muffle, or minimize the report of any firearm, whether the device or mechanism is operated from or attached to any firearm. This subsection (1)(c) does not prohibit the use of a device or mechanism registered with the bureau of alcohol, tobacco, firearms and explosives to silence, muffle, or minimize the report of a firearm when hunting wildlife. [...]

(2) A person convicted of a violation of this section shall be fined not less than $50 or more than $1,000 or be imprisoned in the county detention center for not more than 6 months, or both. [...]

Source: mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0300/chapter_0200/part_00… (retrieved 2026-10-12; Montana Code Annotated 2025)

30-20-103(2) "Firearms accessories" means items that are used in conjunction with or mounted upon a firearm but are not essential to the basic function of a firearm, including but not limited to telescopic or laser sights, magazines, flash or sound suppressors, folding or aftermarket stocks and grips, speedloaders, ammunition carriers, and lights for target illumination.

Source: mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0300/chapter_0200/part_00… (retrieved 2026-10-12; Montana Code Annotated 2025)

30-20-104. Prohibitions. A personal firearm, a firearm accessory, or ammunition that is manufactured commercially or privately in Montana and that remains within the borders of Montana is not subject to federal law or federal regulation, including registration, under the authority of congress to regulate interstate commerce. It is declared by the legislature that those items have not traveled in interstate commerce. [...]

Source: nebraskalegislature.gov/laws/statutes.php?statute=28-12… (retrieved 2026-10-12; page shows no currency date; its source line lists only Laws 1977, LB 38, § 235 and Laws 1978, LB 748, § 17, so the section appears unamended since 1978)

(1) Any person or persons who shall transport or possess any machine gun, short rifle, or short shotgun commits a Class IV felony.

(2) The provisions of this section shall not be held to prohibit any act by peace officers, members of the United States armed services, or members of the National Guard of this state, in the lawful discharge of their duties, or persons qualified under the provisions of federal law relating to the short rifle, short shotgun, or machine gun.

Source: nebraskalegislature.gov/laws/statutes.php?statute=28-12… (retrieved 2026-10-12; no "current through" date shown; its source line lists amendments through Laws 2024, LB1329, § 1)

(3) Firearm means any weapon which is designed to or may readily be converted to expel any projectile by the action of an explosive or frame or receiver of any such weapon; [...]

(10) Machine gun means any firearm, whatever its size and usual designation, that shoots automatically more than one shot, without manual reloading, by a single function of the trigger; [...]

(15) Short rifle means a rifle having a barrel less than sixteen inches long or an overall length of less than twenty-six inches; and

(16) Short shotgun means a shotgun having a barrel or barrels less than eighteen inches long or an overall length of less than twenty-six inches.

Not quoted: the definition of "handgun" (28-1201(5)) is irrelevant to NFA items except for 28-1204 (under-18 possession), which does not do NFA work.

Source: leg.state.nv.us/nrs/nrs-202.html (retrieved 2026-10-12; header "Rev. 4/15/2026 11:33:45 AM--2025", i.e. current through the 2025 session)

1. Except as otherwise provided in subsection 3, a person who knowingly or willfully possesses, manufactures or disposes of any short-barreled rifle or short-barreled shotgun is guilty of a category D felony and shall be punished as provided in NRS 193.130.

2. For purposes of this section:

(a) Short-barreled rifle means:

(1) A rifle having one or more barrels less than 16 inches in length; or

(2) Any weapon made from a rifle, whether by alteration, modification or other means, with an overall length of less than 26 inches.

(b) Short-barreled shotgun means:

(1) A shotgun having one or more barrels less than 18 inches in length; or

(2) Any weapon made from a shotgun, whether by alteration, modification or other means, with an overall length of less than 26 inches.

3. This section does not prohibit:

(a) The possession or use of any short-barreled rifle or short-barreled shotgun by any peace officer when authorized to do so in the performance of official duties;

(b) The possession of any short-barreled rifle or short-barreled shotgun by a person who is licensed as a firearms importer, manufacturer, collector or dealer by the United States Department of the Treasury, or by a person to whom such a rifle or shotgun is registered with the United States Department of the Treasury; or

(c) The possession of any short-barreled rifle or short-barreled shotgun that has been determined to be a collectors item pursuant to 26 U.S.C. Chapter 53 or a curio or relic pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Chapter 44.

(Added to NRS by 1977, 879; A 1979, 1434; 1991, 1136; 1995, 1206; 2005, 64)

Source: leg.state.nv.us/nrs/nrs-202.html (retrieved 2026-10-12; header "Rev. 4/15/2026 11:33:45 AM--2025", i.e. current through the 2025 session)

1. Except as otherwise provided in this section and NRS 202.3653 to 202.369, inclusive, a person within this State shall not: [...]

(b) Manufacture or cause to be manufactured, or import into the State, or keep, offer or expose for sale, or give, lend, possess or use a machine gun or a silencer, unless authorized by federal law; [...]

2. Except as otherwise provided in NRS 202.275 and 212.185, a person who violates any of the provisions of: [...]

(b) Paragraph (b) of subsection 1 or subparagraph (1) or (3) of paragraph (d) of subsection 1 is guilty of a category C felony and shall be punished as provided in NRS 193.130. [...]

6. The provisions of paragraph (b) of subsection 1 do not apply to any person who is licensed, authorized or permitted to possess or use a machine gun or silencer pursuant to federal law. The burden of establishing federal licensure, authorization or permission is upon the person possessing the license, authorization or permission. [...]

8. As used in this section: [...]

(g) Silencer means any device for silencing, muffling or diminishing the report of a firearm, including any combination of parts, designed or redesigned, and intended for use in assembling or fabricating a silencer or muffler, and any part intended only for use in such assembly or fabrication.

Source: leg.state.nv.us/nrs/nrs-202.html (retrieved 2026-10-12; header "Rev. 4/15/2026 11:33:45 AM--2025", i.e. current through the 2025 session)

5. Firearms importer or manufacturer means a person licensed to import or manufacture firearms pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Chapter 44.

6. Machine gun means any weapon which shoots, is designed to shoot or can be readily restored to shoot more than one shot, without manual reloading, by a single function of the trigger. [...]

The section also defines "firearm" and "firearm capable of being concealed upon the person" (barrel under 12 inches). It contains no definition of "any other weapon" or "destructive device".

Source: leg.state.nv.us/nrs/nrs-244.html (retrieved 2026-10-12; header "Rev. 4/15/2026 11:46:14")

1. The Legislature hereby declares that: [...] (b) The regulation of the transfer, sale, purchase, possession, carrying, ownership, transportation, storage, registration and licensing of firearms, firearm accessories and ammunition in this State and the ability to define such terms is within the exclusive domain of the Legislature, and any other law, regulation, rule or ordinance to the contrary is null and void. [...]

Cities have a parallel provision, NRS 268.418 (leg.state.nv.us/nrs/nrs-268.html, retrieved 2026-10-12; header "Rev. 9/9/2026 11:37:25"), which uses the same language, and both define "firearm accessories" to include "[a]ttachments or devices specifically designed or adapted to be inserted into or affixed on a firearm to enable, alter or improve the functioning or capability of the firearm."

Source: gc.nh.gov/rsa/html/XII/159/159-26.htm (retrieved 2026-10-12; page shows source "2003, 283:2. 2011, 139:1, eff. Aug. 6, 2011")

I. To the extent consistent with federal law, the state of New Hampshire shall have authority and jurisdiction over the sale, purchase, ownership, use, possession, transportation, licensing, permitting, taxation, or other matter pertaining to firearms, firearms components, ammunition, firearms supplies, or knives in the state. Except as otherwise specifically provided by statute, no ordinance or regulation of a political subdivision may regulate the sale, purchase, ownership, use, possession, transportation, licensing, permitting, taxation, or other matter pertaining to firearms, firearms components, ammunition, or firearms supplies in the state. Nothing in this section shall be construed as affecting a political subdivision's right to adopt zoning ordinances for the purpose of regulating firearms or knives businesses in the same manner as other businesses or to take any action allowed under RSA 207:59.

II. Upon the effective date of this section, all municipal ordinances and regulations not authorized under paragraph I relative to the sale, purchase, ownership, use, possession, transportation, licensing, permitting, taxation, or other matter pertaining to firearms, firearm components, ammunition, firearms supplies, or knives shall be null and void.

Source: gc.nh.gov/rsa/html/XII/159/159-3.htm (retrieved 2026-10-12; page source line ends "2001, 189:1; 214:1, eff. Jan. 1, 2002")

I. A person is guilty of a class B felony if he: (a) Owns or has in his possession or under his control, a pistol, revolver, or other firearm, or slungshot, metallic knuckles, billies, stiletto, switchblade knife, sword cane, pistol cane, blackjack, dagger, dirk-knife, or other deadly weapon as defined in RSA 625:11, V; and (b) Has been convicted in either a state or federal court [...] of: (1) A felony against the person or property of another; or (2) A felony under RSA 318-B; or (3) A felony violation of the laws of any other state [...] relating to controlled drugs as defined in RSA 318-B.

(Generally applicable prohibited-person law, not NFA-specific.)

Source: pub.njleg.gov/statutes/STATUTES-TEXT.zip (retrieved 2026-10-12; official statutes file dated 10/10/2026)

a. Destructive devices. Any person who knowingly has in his possession any destructive device is guilty of a crime of the third degree.

b. Sawed-off shotguns. Any person who knowingly has in his possession any sawed-off shotgun is guilty of a crime of the third degree.

c. Silencers. Any person who knowingly has in his possession any firearm silencer is guilty of a crime of the fourth degree.

[...]

g. Exceptions. (1) (a) Nothing in subsection a., b., c., d., e., f., j. or k. of this section shall apply to any member of the Armed Forces of the United States or the National Guard, or except as otherwise provided, to any law enforcement officer while actually on duty or traveling to or from an authorized place of duty, provided that his possession of the prohibited weapon or device has been duly authorized under the applicable laws, regulations or military or law enforcement orders. [...]

(4) Nothing in subsection a. of this section shall be construed to apply to antique cannons as exempted in subsection d. of N.J.S.2C:39-6.

(5) Nothing in subsection c. of this section shall be construed to apply to any person who is specifically identified in a special deer management permit issued by the Division of Fish and Wildlife to utilize a firearm silencer as part of an alternative deer control method implemented in accordance with a special deer management permit issued pursuant to section 4 of P.L.2000, c.46 (C.23:4-42.6), while the person is in the actual performance of the permitted alternative deer control method and while going to and from the place where the permitted alternative deer control method is being utilized. This exception shall not, however, otherwise apply to any person to authorize the purchase or possession of a firearm silencer.

Source: pub.njleg.gov/statutes/STATUTES-TEXT.zip (retrieved 2026-10-12; official statutes file dated 10/10/2026)

c. "Destructive device" means any device, instrument, or object designed to explode or produce uncontrolled combustion, including: [...] (3) any weapon capable of firing a projectile of a caliber greater than 60 caliber, except a shotgun or shotgun ammunition generally recognized as suitable for sporting purposes; [...] (5) any center-fire rifle that is capable of firing a .50 BMG cartridge as defined in subsection mm. of this section. The provisions of this paragraph shall not apply to any antique firearm as defined in subsection a. of this section or any "curio or relic" as defined in 27 CFR 478.11.

g. "Firearm silencer" means any instrument, attachment, weapon, or appliance for causing the firing of any gun, revolver, pistol, or other firearm to be silent or intended to lessen or muffle the noise of the firing of any gun, revolver, pistol, or other firearm.

i. "Machine gun" means any firearm, mechanism, or instrument not requiring that the trigger be pressed for each shot and having a reservoir, belt, or other means of storing and carrying ammunition which can be loaded into the firearm, mechanism, or instrument and fired therefrom. The term also shall include the frame or receiver of any such firearm, any part designed and intended solely and exclusively, or combination of parts designed and intended, for use in converting a firearm into a machine gun, and any combination of parts from which a machine gun can be assembled if such parts are in the possession or under the control of a person. A machine gun also shall include, without limitation, any firearm with a trigger crank attached.

o. "Sawed-off shotgun" means any shotgun having a barrel or barrels of less than 18 inches in length measured from the breech to the muzzle, or a rifle having a barrel or barrels of less than 16 inches in length measured from the breech to the muzzle, or any firearm made from a rifle or a shotgun, whether by alteration or otherwise, if such firearm as modified has an overall length of less than 26 inches.

Source: pub.njleg.gov/statutes/STATUTES-TEXT.zip (retrieved 2026-10-12; official statutes file dated 10/10/2026)

a. Machine guns. Any person who manufactures, causes to be manufactured, transports, ships, sells, or disposes of any machine gun without being registered or licensed to do so as provided in chapter 58 of Title 2C of the New Jersey Statutes is guilty of a crime of the third degree.

b. Sawed-off shotguns. Any person who manufactures, causes to be manufactured, transports, ships, sells, or disposes of any sawed-off shotgun is guilty of a crime of the third degree.

c. Firearm silencers. Any person who manufactures, causes to be manufactured, transports, ships, sells, or disposes of any firearm silencer is guilty of a crime of the fourth degree.

Source: pub.njleg.gov/statutes/STATUTES-TEXT.zip (retrieved 2026-10-12; official statutes file dated 10/10/2026)

2C:39-5 a. Machine guns. Any person who knowingly has in his possession a machine gun, without being licensed to do so as provided in N.J.S.2C:58-5, is guilty of a crime of the second degree, except as provided in subsection 1. of N.J.S.2C:39-3.

2C:58-5 a. Any person who desires to purchase, possess and carry a machine gun or assault firearm in this State may apply for a license to do so by filing in the Superior Court in the county in which he resides, or conducts his business if a nonresident, a written application setting forth in detail his reasons for desiring such a license. [...]

b. No license shall be issued to any person who would not qualify for a permit to carry a handgun under section 2C:58-4, and no license shall be issued unless the court finds that the public safety and welfare so require. [...]

Machine-gun possession is therefore a second-degree crime unless the person holds a Superior Court license under 2C:58-5 (issued only on a finding that public safety and welfare require it; expires after two years, renewable).

Source: nmonesource.com/nmos/nmsa/en/4371/1/document.do (retrieved 2026-10-12; Chapter 30 compilation of the current NMSA 1978 published on NMOneSource, document generated 9/15/2026; annotations show amendments through Laws 2025, no Laws 2026 amendment to this section)

Every section of Article 7 was reviewed: 30-7-1 (carrying a deadly weapon, defined), 30-7-2 (unlawful carrying of a deadly weapon), 30-7-2.1 (school premises), 30-7-2.2 (unlawful possession of a handgun by a person under nineteen), 30-7-2.3 (seizure and forfeiture of a handgun), 30-7-2.4 (university premises), 30-7-3 (licensed liquor establishments), 30-7-3.1 (weapon conversion device), 30-7-4 (negligent use of a deadly weapon), 30-7-4.1 (making a firearm accessible to a minor), 30-7-5 to 30-7-7 (explosives), 30-7-7.1 (sale without a background check), 30-7-7.2 (purchase or transfer for another), 30-7-7.3 (sale before waiting period), 30-7-8 (switchblades), 30-7-9 (repealed), 30-7-10 to 30-7-15 (short title, definitions, prohibitions, weapons detection, carrying and transporting weapons), 30-7-16 (certain persons), and 30-7-17 to 30-7-22 (explosives, hoax bombs). The Criminal Code definitions in § 30-1-12 were also reviewed. The words "silencer", "suppressor", "muffler", "short-barreled", "sawed-off" and "short barrel" were searched across all of Chapter 30. The only statutory text that uses "silencer" is § 30-7-7.1(C)(3) (below) and the Antiterrorism Act definition in § 30-20A-2(C). No section of Chapter 30 prohibits or regulates possession of a short-barreled rifle or shotgun. Section 30-7-2.2 uses a twelve-inch barrel measure only to define "handgun" for persons under nineteen. Sections of the NMSA outside Chapter 30 were not part of this review.

30-7-7.1. Unlawful sale of a firearm without a background check (definition of "firearm" in Subsection C).

Source: nmonesource.com/nmos/nmsa/en/4371/1/document.do (retrieved 2026-10-12; Chapter 30 compilation of the current NMSA 1978 published on NMOneSource, document generated 9/15/2026; annotations show amendments through Laws 2025, no Laws 2026 amendment to this section)

A. Unlawful sale of a firearm without a background check consists of the sale of a firearm without conducting a federal instant background check, subject to the following: (1) if the buyer of a firearm is not a natural person, then each natural person who is authorized by the buyer to possess the firearm after the sale shall undergo a federal instant background check before taking possession of the firearm; (2) a prospective firearm seller who does not hold a current and valid federal firearms license issued pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 923(a) shall arrange for a person who does hold that license to conduct the federal instant background check. A federal firearms licensee shall not unreasonably refuse to perform a background check pursuant to this paragraph; and (3) a person who holds a current and valid federal firearms license issued pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 923(a) may charge a fee not to exceed thirty-five dollars ($35.00) for conducting a background check pursuant to this section. B. The provisions of Subsection A of this section do not apply to the sale of a firearm: (1) by or to a person who holds a current and valid federal firearms license issued pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 923(a); (2) to a law enforcement agency; (3) between two law enforcement officers authorized to carry a firearm and certified pursuant to federal law or the Law Enforcement Training Act [Chapter 29, Article 7 NMSA 1978]; or (4) between immediate family members. C. As used in this section: (1) "consideration" means anything of value exchanged between the parties to a sale; (2) "federal instant background check" means a background check that meets the requirements of 18 U.S.C. Section 922(t) and that does not indicate that a sale to the person receiving the firearm would violate 18 U.S.C. Section 922(g) or 18 U.S.C. Section 922(n) or state law; (3) "firearm" means any weapon that will or is designed to or may readily be converted to expel a projectile by the action of an explosion; the frame or receiver of any such weapon; or any firearm muffler or firearm silencer; and includes any handgun, rifle or shotgun; but shall not include an antique firearm as defined in 18 U.S.C. Section 921(16), a powder-actuated tool or other device designed to be used for construction purposes, an emergency flare or a firearm in permanently inoperable condition; (4) "immediate family member" means a spouse, parent, child, sibling, grandparent, grandchild, great-grandchild, niece, nephew, first cousin, aunt or uncle; and (5) "sale" means the delivery or passing of ownership, possession or control of a firearm for a fee or other consideration, but does not include temporary possession or control of a firearm provided to a customer by the proprietor of a licensed business in the conduct of that business. D. Each party to an unlawful sale in violation of this section may be separately charged for the same sale. E. Each firearm sold contrary to the provisions of this section constitutes a separate offense under Subsection A of this section. F. Two or more offenses may be charged in the same complaint, information or indictment and shall be punished as separate offenses. G. Whoever violates the provisions of this section is guilty of a misdemeanor.

A "firearm" for this section includes "any firearm muffler or firearm silencer," so a sale of a suppressor between persons who are not licensed dealers, other than between immediate family members, falls under the background-check requirement (through a federal firearms licensee). It regulates sales, not possession, and has no NFA-registration exception. Rifles and shotguns are "firearms" under it regardless of barrel length.

30-7-3.1. Unlawful possession of a weapon conversion device; penalty.

Source: nmonesource.com/nmos/nmsa/en/4371/1/document.do (retrieved 2026-10-12; Chapter 30 compilation of the current NMSA 1978 published on NMOneSource, document generated 9/15/2026; annotations show amendments through Laws 2025, no Laws 2026 amendment to this section)

A. Unlawful possession of a weapon conversion device consists of a person knowingly having in that person's possession an unlawfully obtained weapon conversion device or knowingly transporting an unlawfully obtained weapon conversion device. B. A person who commits unlawful possession of a weapon conversion device is guilty of a third degree felony. C. As used in this section: (1) "fully automatic weapon" means a weapon that shoots, is designed to shoot automatically or can be readily restored to fire more than one cartridge or shell, without manual reloading, by a single function of the trigger; (2) "semiautomatic weapon" means a repeating rifle, shotgun or pistol, regardless of barrel or overall length, that uses a portion of the energy of a firing cartridge or shell to extract the fired cartridge case or spent shell and chamber the next round and that requires a separate function of the trigger to fire each cartridge or shell; and (3) "weapon conversion device" means a part or combination of parts designed and intended to convert a semiautomatic weapon into a fully automatic weapon.

This reaches auto-sear / conversion parts only, not suppressors, SBRs, SBSs or AOWs, and has no NFA-registration exception. Relevant to machine-gun conversion devices only.

Source: nmonesource.com/nmos/nmsa/en/4371/1/document.do (retrieved 2026-10-12; Chapter 30 compilation of the current NMSA 1978 published on NMOneSource, document generated 9/15/2026; annotations show amendments through Laws 2025, no Laws 2026 amendment to this section)

B. "deadly weapon" means any firearm, whether loaded or unloaded; or any weapon which is capable of producing death or great bodily harm, including but not restricted to any types of daggers, brass knuckles, switchblade knives, bowie knives, poniards, butcher knives, dirk knives and all such weapons with which dangerous cuts can be given, or with which dangerous thrusts can be inflicted, including swordcanes, and any kind of sharp pointed canes, also slingshots, slung shots, bludgeons; or any other weapons with which dangerous wounds can be inflicted;

The definition has no barrel-length or silencer provision.

Source: nmonesource.com/nmos/nmsa/en/4371/1/document.do (retrieved 2026-10-12; Chapter 30 compilation of the current NMSA 1978 published on NMOneSource, document generated 9/15/2026; annotations show amendments through Laws 2025, no Laws 2026 amendment to this section)

A. Unlawful carrying of a deadly weapon consists of carrying a concealed loaded firearm or any other type of deadly weapon anywhere, except in the following cases: (1) in the person's residence or on real property belonging to him as owner, lessee, tenant or licensee; (2) in a private automobile or other private means of conveyance, for lawful protection of the person's or another's person or property; (3) by a peace officer in accordance with the policies of his law enforcement agency who is certified pursuant to the Law Enforcement Training Act [Chapter 29, Article 7 NMSA 1978]; (4) by a peace officer in accordance with the policies of his law enforcement agency who is employed on a temporary basis by that agency and who has successfully completed a course of firearms instruction prescribed by the New Mexico law enforcement academy or provided by a certified firearms instructor who is employed on a permanent basis by a law enforcement agency; or (5) by a person in possession of a valid concealed handgun license issued to him by the department of public safety pursuant to the provisions of the Concealed Handgun Carry Act [Chapter 29, Article 19 NMSA 1978]. B. Nothing in this section shall be construed to prevent the carrying of any unloaded firearm. C. Whoever commits unlawful carrying of a deadly weapon is guilty of a petty misdemeanor.

Applies to concealed loaded carry of any firearm; not specific to NFA items.

Source: nmonesource.com/nmos/nmsa/en/4371/1/document.do (retrieved 2026-10-12; Chapter 30 compilation of the current NMSA 1978 published on NMOneSource, document generated 9/15/2026; annotations show amendments through Laws 2025, no Laws 2026 amendment to this section)

A. It is unlawful for the following persons to receive, transport or possess a firearm or destructive device in this state: (1) a felon; (2) a person subject to an order of protection pursuant to Section 40-13-5 or 40-13A-5 NMSA 1978; or (3) a person convicted of any of the following crimes: (a) battery against a household member pursuant to Section 30-3-15 NMSA 1978; (b) criminal damage to property of a household member pursuant to Section 30-3-18 NMSA 1978; (c) a first offense of stalking pursuant to Section 30-3A-3 NMSA 1978; or (d) a crime listed in 18 U.S.C. 921. B. A felon found in possession of a firearm shall be guilty of a third degree felony. C. A serious violent felon that is found to be in possession of a firearm shall be guilty of a third degree felony, and notwithstanding the provisions of Section 31-18-15 NMSA 1978, shall be sentenced to a basic term of six years imprisonment. D. Any person subject to an order of protection pursuant to Section 40-13-5 or 40- 13A-5 NMSA 1978 or convicted of a crime listed in Paragraph (3) of Subsection A of this section who receives, transports or possesses a firearm or destructive device is guilty of a misdemeanor. E. As used in this section: (1) except as provided in Paragraph (2) of this subsection, "destructive device" means: (a) any explosive, incendiary or poison gas: 1) bomb; 2) grenade; 3) rocket having a propellant charge of more than four ounces; 4) missile having an explosive or incendiary charge of more than one-fourth ounce; 5) mine; or 6) similar device; (b) any type of weapon by whatever name known that will, or that may be readily converted to, expel a projectile by the action of an explosive or other propellant, the barrel or barrels of which have a bore of more than one-half inch in diameter, except a shotgun or shotgun shell that is generally recognized as particularly suitable for sporting purposes; or (c) any combination of parts either designed or intended for use in converting any device into a destructive device as defined in this paragraph and from which a destructive device may be readily assembled; (2) the term "destructive device" does not include any device that is neither designed nor redesigned for use as a weapon or any device, although originally designed for use as a weapon, that is redesigned for use as a signaling, pyrotechnic, line throwing, safety or similar device; (3) "felon" means a person convicted of a felony offense by a court of the United States or of any state or political subdivision thereof and: (a) less than ten years have passed since the person completed serving a sentence or period of probation for the felony conviction, whichever is later; (b) the person has not been pardoned for the felony conviction by the proper authority; and (c) the person has not received a deferred sentence; (4) "firearm" means any weapon that will or is designed to or may readily be converted to expel a projectile by the action of an explosion or the frame or receiver of any such weapon; and (5) "serious violent felon" means a person convicted of an offense enumerated in Subparagraphs (a) through (n) of Paragraph (4) of Subsection L [N] of Section 33-2-34 NMSA 1978; provided that: (a) less than ten years have passed since the person completed serving a sentence or a period of probation for the felony conviction, whichever is later; (b) the person has not been pardoned for the felony conviction by the proper authority; and (c) the person has not received a deferred sentence and completed the total term of deferment as provided in Section 31-20-9 NMSA 1978. History: Laws 1981, ch. 225, § 1; 1987, ch. 202, § 1; 2001, ch. 89, § 1; 2018, ch. 74, § 4; 2019, ch. 253, § 1; 2020, ch. 54, § 2; 2022, ch. 56, § 26. ANNOTATIONS Bracketed material. — The bracketed material was inserted by the compiler and is not part of the law. Laws 2025, ch. 79, § 4 and Laws 2025, ch. 29, § 1 amended 33-2-34 NMSA 1978, relettering subsections, effective June 20, 2025. The 2022 amendment, effective May 18, 2022, clarified the penalty for receipt, transportation or possession of a firearm or destructive device by a serious violent felon; in Subsection B, after "third degree felony", deleted "and shall be sentenced in accordance with the provisions of the Criminal Sentencing Act"; added a new Subsection C and redesignated former Subsections C and D as Subsections D and E, respectively; and in Subsection E, added Paragraph E(5). The 2020 amendment, effective July 1, 2020, provided that the penalty for a felon in possession of a firearm or destructive device is a third degree felony; and in Subsection B, after "shall be guilty of a", deleted "fourth" and added "third", and after "Criminal Sentencing Act", deleted "provided that the violation of and the sentence imposed pursuant to this subsection shall be increased to a violation of and the sentence for a third degree felony if the person has previously been convicted of a capital felony or a serious violent offense provided in Paragraph (4) of Subsection L of Section 33-2-34 NMSA 1978". The 2019 amendment, effective July 1, 2019, expanded the categories of persons who cannot receive, transport or possess a firearm, and revised the definition of "firearm" as used in this section; in the section heading, deleted "a felon" and added "certain persons"; in Subsection A, in the introductory clause, after "unlawful for", deleted "a felon" and added "the following persons", and added Paragraphs A(1) through A(3); in Subsection B, deleted "Any person violating the provisions of this section" and added "A felon found in possession of a firearm", and after "provided in", deleted "Subparagraphs (a) through (n) of"; added a new Subsection C and redesignated former Subsection C as Subsection D; and in Subsection D, Paragraph D(4), after "such weapon", deleted "or any firearm muffler or firearm silencer. ‘Firearm’ includes any handgun, rifle or shotgun". The 2018 amendment, effective July 1, 2018, increased the penalty for a felon in possession of a firearm or destructive device if the person has previously been convicted of a capital felony or a serious violent offense, and provided clarifying language; in Subsection B, after "Criminal Sentencing Act", added the remainder of the subsection; and in Subsection C, Paragraph C(1), added "except as provided in Paragraph (2) of this subsection", at the end of Subparagraph C(1)(b), deleted "and" and added "or", added a new paragraph designation "(2)" and redesignated former Paragraphs C(2) and C(3) as Paragraphs C(3) and C(4), respectively. The 2001 amendment, effective July 1, 2001, added the Paragraph designation C(1)(c) and substituted "this paragraph" for "Paragraphs (1) and (2)" within that new paragraph; and rewrote the definition of "felon" in Paragraph C(2). The 1987 amendment, effective June 19, 1987, inserted "or destructive devices" in the catchline and "or destructive device" in Subsection A; substituted "fourth degree felony" for "misdemeanor" in Subsection B; and, in Subsection C, added present Paragraph (1) and redesignated former Paragraphs (1) and (2) as present Paragraphs (2) and (3). Felon in possession of a firearm statute comports with the principles underlying the Second Amendment. — Where defendant was convicted of being a felon in possession of a firearm, and where, after sentencing, defendant filed a motion to vacate the sentence imposed, arguing that felons are not categorically excluded from the protections of the constitution and the state cannot meet its burden to show a historical tradition of disarming felons, the district court did not err in denying defendant's motion, because 30-7-16(A)(1) NMSA 1978, is constitutional both facially and as applied to defendant, because the regulation of the right to bear arms by those who pose a threat to society is deeply rooted in the nation's historical traditions, and based on the evidence of defendant's prior felony convictions for distribution of a controlled substance, possession of a controlled substance, and escape from a community custody release program, the district court did not err in determining that defendant posed a threat to public safety. State v. Romero, 2026-NMCA-003, cert. denied. A conditional discharge is not a conviction. — Where the district court had entered a conditional discharge order in a prior criminal proceeding against defendant; the order was entered without an adjudication of guilt and with a sentencing term; defendant’s probation was subsequently revoked and defendant was placed back on probation; a year later, defendant’s probation was again revoked and the district court ordered that defendant be incarcerated; and the district court did not revoke defendant’s conditional discharge, the district court did not err by dismissing a later felon in possession charge against defendant on the ground that defendant’s conditional discharge had not been revoked and could not serve as the predicate felony for the felon in possession charge. State v. Harris, 2013-NMCA-031, 297 P.3d 374. Bullets as destructive devices. — Nothing in this section says that destructive devices as defined in the section are deadly weapons. It is unreasonable to construe this section to say that destructive devices are necessarily also deadly weapons as defined in Section 30-1-12B NMSA 1978. Even were .22 caliber cartridges to be considered destructive devices under Section 30-7-16, the bullets were not deadly weapons under Section 30-1-12B. State v. Galaz, 2003-NMCA-076, 133 N.M. 794, 70 P.3d 784, cert denied, 133 N.M. 771, 70 P.3d 761. Possession of firearms by felons. — The fact that New Mexico law does not forbid possession of firearms by those convicted of felonies more than 10 years ago does not preclude the federal government from doing so. United States v. Fuentes, 119 Fed. Appx. 248 (2004). Admission of unavailable accomplice's tape recorded custodial police interview was not harmless error because it provided only direct evidence that defendant held firearm, it contradicted state's otherwise circumstantial case, and defendant expressly denied ever holding firearm. State v. Johnson, 2004-NMSC-029, 136 N.M. 348, 98 P.3d 998, cert. denied, 543 U.S. 1177, 125 S. Ct. 1334, 161 L. Ed. 2d 162. No preemption by federal firearms act. — Although federal law excludes antique firearms from the proscription of receipt of firearms by certain convicted felons while this section does not, this section is not preempted by the federal law. State v. Haddenham, 1990-NMCA-048, 110 N.M. 149, 793 P.2d 279, cert. denied, 110 N.M. 72, 792 P.2d 49, and cert. denied, 110 N.M. 183, 793 P.2d 865. Proof of all three aspects not required for conviction. — Thus, the defendant could be convicted for the crime of felon transporting a firearm even though there was no evidence that he possessed or owned the firearm. This section prohibits receiving, transporting, or possessing any firearm; the use of the disjunctive "or" indicates that this section may be violated by any of the enumerated methods. State v. Dunsmore, 1995- NMCA-012, 119 N.M. 431, 891 P.2d 572. "Constructive" possession. — Where state could not prove that defendant had actual possession of gun, the state can rely on a theory of "constructive" possession; that defendant knew the gun was present and exercised control over it. State v. Garcia, 2004-NMCA-066, 135 N.M. 595, 92 P.3d 41, rev'd on other grounds, 2005-NMSC-017, 138 N.M. 1, 116 P.3d 72. Evidence sufficient for conviction of possession. — Documentary evidence of a prior felony conviction and defendant's numerous statements during the interrogation that he possessed several of the victim's firearms is sufficient evidence for the conviction of felon in possession of a firearm. State v. Lopez, 2005-NMSC-036, 138 N.M. 521, 123 P.3d 754, overruled on other grounds by State v. Frawley, 2007-NMSC- 057, 143 N.M. 7, 172 P.3d 144. Sufficient evidence of being a felon in possession of a firearm. — Where defendant was charged with being a felon in possession of a firearm after taking a gun inside a Las Cruces club, there was sufficient evidence to support the conviction, because based on evidence presented at trial that defendant told the officer that he was armed with a gun, a witness told the officer over the phone that defendant had a gun, and police recovered a handgun inside the club, a reasonable jury could have found that defendant had knowledge and control, and thereby possession, of a gun. State v. Jimenez, 2017-NMCA-039, cert. denied. Sufficient evidence of unlawful transportation of a firearm. — Where defendant was convicted of unlawful transportation of a firearm, and where defendant admitted that he was a felon at the time of the charged offense, and where the state presented evidence at trial that he was driving his accomplice around town and was aware that his accomplice had brought a gun into the car, there was sufficient evidence for a jury to find that defendant transported a firearm. State v. Torres, 2018-NMSC-013. Defense of duress is available against the charge of felon in possession of a firearm only when no reasonable alternatives are available — a reasonable felon would resort to possession of a firearm only when committing the offense is the only reasonable alternative. State v. Castrillo, 1991-NMSC-096, 112 N.M. 766, 819 P.2d 1324. District court properly refused to submit the defense of duress to the jury, where defendant, a convicted felon, could have contacted the police, or simply avoided his estranged wife after she smashed his car windshield, but instead he chose to arm himself by purchasing a handgun. State v. Castrillo, 1991-NMSC-096, 112 N.M. 766, 819 P.2d 1324. No exception for self-defense. — This statute does not exclude from its operation felons who are defending themselves. State v. Calvillo, 1990-NMCA-046, 110 N.M. 114, 792 P.2d 1157, cert. denied, 110 N.M. 72, 792 P.2d 49 (1991). Construed with 31-18-17 NMSA 1978. — Where defendants were convicted of the charge of felon in possession of a firearm contrary to 30-7-16 NMSA 1978, and the defendants were also sentenced as habitual offenders in accordance with 31-18-17 NMSA 1978, the trial court erred in sentencing the defendants as habitual offenders when the same prior felony convictions were relied upon to convict the defendants of the underlying offense of felon in possession of a firearm. State v. Haddenham, 1990- NMCA-048, 110 N.M. 149, 793 P.2d 279, cert. denied, 110 N.M. 72, 792 P.2d 49, and cert. denied, 110 N.M. 183, 793 P.2d 865. Use of prior felony. — The state was not prevented from using distinct felonies obtained in the same judgment and sentence for the separate purposes of enhancement under the felon in possession statute and the general habitual offender statute. State v. Calvillo, 1990-NMCA-046, 112 N.M. 140, 812 P.2d 794, cert. denied, 112 N.M. 77, 811 P.2d 575 (1991). In this case it did not matter that the state did not specify which of the two felonies it was relying on to prove the principal crime, whichever felony the jury relied on, there was an additional one available for sentence enhancement. If the jury relied on both, there is still no double jeopardy problem. State v. Dunsmore, 1995-NMCA-012, 119 N.M. 431, 891 P.2d 572. Details of the prior crime are irrelevant to prove the required element of the crime of being a felon in possession, and admission into evidence of the defendant's prior conviction of a firearms offense was reversible error. State v. Tave, 1996-NMCA-056, 122 N.M. 29, 919 P.2d 1094. Multiple uses of prior convictions does not violate double jeopardy. — Where defendant’s prior felony convictions were used to establish defendant’s status as a habitual offender for sentencing for attempted murder and to serve as the predicate felony for defendant’s conviction of felon in possession of a firearm, the double jeopardy clause was not violated. State v. Tafoya, 2012-NMSC-030, 285 P.3d 604. The felon in possession statute is insurmountably ambiguous as to the unit of prosecution. — Where defendant was charged with two counts of possession of a firearm by a felon after law enforcement officers, while executing a search warrant at defendant's residence, discovered two handguns in defendant's bedroom, and where, at a pretrial motion hearing, the district court, based on the facts in the state's criminal complaint, granted defendant's motion to dismiss one of the two counts for violating defendant's right to be free from double jeopardy, it was error for the district court to rule on the double jeopardy issue based on the limited record at the time of the motion hearing, because the felon in possession statute is insurmountably ambiguous as to the unit of prosecution and the district court did not address the second step of the unit of prosecution analysis to determine whether defendant's acts were separated by sufficient indicia of distinctness to justify multiple punishments under the same statute; the record did not adequately address the indicia for weapons possession, such as the timing of the gaining of possession of the weapons, the spacing between the weapons, the quality or nature of the weapons, and the results of the possession, and therefore defendant's motion did not present a purely legal issue resolvable under 5-601(C) NMRA and the district court erred by ruling on the merits of the motion without a stipulation of facts or an evidentiary hearing. State v. Gonzales, 2024-NMCA-062. Jury instruction. — In a prosecution for being a felon in possession of a firearm, it was reversible error for the court to use UJI 14-1701 NMRA naming the predicate offense, i.e., aggravated assault with a deadly weapon. State v. Tave, 1996-NMCA-056, 122 N.M. 29, 919 P.2d 1094. Unsubstantiated reference to drug dealer gun owner inappropriate. — Repeated references to defendant as a known drug dealer when the state lacked sufficient evidence to convict defendant of possession or distribution of illegal drugs, and instead relied on unsubstantiated hearsay to convince the jury defendant was a "known drug dealer" so, ipso facto, the shotgun must belong to him is prohibited and should be excluded. State v. Rael, 1994-NMCA-043, 117 N.M. 539, 873 P.2d 285. Restoration of firearms privileges. — Firearm privileges are automatically restored when a person successfully completes the period of a deferred sentence. 1988 Op. Att'y Gen. No. 88-03. Partial pardon by governor limiting right to use firearm. — The governor has the power under the New Mexico Constitution to grant a partial pardon conferring the right to vote and hold public office while denying the right to possess a firearm. 1992 Op. Att'y Gen. No. 92-09. Law reviews. — For note, "Evidence Law – Boundaries, Balancing, and Prior Felony Convictions: After United States v. Old Chief," see 28 N.M. L. Rev. 583 (1998). Am. Jur. 2d, A.L.R. and C.J.S. references. — 79 Am. Jur. 2d Weapons and Firearms § 24. Propriety of using single prior felony conviction as basis for offense of possessing weapon by convicted felon and to enhance sentence, 37 A.L.R.4th 1168. Sufficiency of evidence as to nature of firearm in prosecution under state statute prohibiting persons under indictment for, or convicted of, crime from acquiring, having, carrying, or using firearms, 37 A.L.R.4th 1179. Sufficiency of evidence of possession in prosecution under state statute prohibiting persons under indictment for, or convicted of, crime from acquiring, having, carrying, or using firearms or weapons, 43 A.L.R.4th 788. What amounts to "control" under state statute making it illegal for felon to have possession or control of firearm or other dangerous weapon, 66 A.L.R.4th 1240. Fact that gun was unloaded as affecting criminal responsibility, 68 A.L.R.4th 507. What constitutes actual or constructive possession of unregistered or otherwise prohibited firearm in violation of 26 USCS § 5861, 133 A.L.R. Fed. 347. 94 C.J.S. Weapons § 2.

Prohibited-persons statute only; does not restrict ordinary civilians and has no NFA registration exception. Its definition of "firearm" does not mention silencers.

Source: nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PEN/265.00 (retrieved 2026-10-12; page shows "most recent revision (from 2026-08-28)")

1. "Machine-gun" means a weapon of any description, irrespective of size, by whatever name known, loaded or unloaded, from which a number of shots or bullets may be rapidly or automatically discharged from a magazine with one continuous pull of the trigger and includes a sub-machine gun, and also includes any convertible pistol that is equipped with a pistol converter.

2. "Firearm silencer" means any instrument, attachment, weapon or appliance for causing the firing of any gun, revolver, pistol or other firearms to be silent, or intended to lessen or muffle the noise of the firing of any gun, revolver, pistol or other firearms.

3. "Firearm" means (a) any pistol or revolver; or (b) a shotgun having one or more barrels less than eighteen inches in length; or (c) a rifle having one or more barrels less than sixteen inches in length; or (d) any weapon made from a shotgun or rifle whether by alteration, modification, or otherwise if such weapon as altered, modified, or otherwise has an overall length of less than twenty-six inches; or (e) an assault weapon; or (f) any other weapon that is not otherwise defined in this section containing any component that provides housing or a structure designed to hold or integrate any fire control component that is designed to or may readily be converted to expel a projectile by action of explosive. For the purpose of this subdivision the length of the barrel on a shotgun or rifle shall be determined by measuring the distance between the muzzle and the face of the bolt, breech, or breechlock when closed and when the shotgun or rifle is cocked; the overall length of a weapon made from a shotgun or rifle is the distance between the extreme ends of the weapon measured along a line parallel to the center line of the bore. Firearm does not include an antique firearm.

[...] 20. "Disguised gun" means any weapon or device capable of being concealed on the person from which a shot can be discharged through the energy of an explosive and is designed and intended to appear to be either; (a) something other than a gun; or (b) a toy gun [...]

[...] 26. "Rapid-fire modification device" means any bump stock, trigger crank, binary trigger system, burst trigger system, pistol converter, or any other device that is designed to accelerate the rate of fire of a semi-automatic firearm, rifle or shotgun.

The definitions do not refer to the National Firearms Act.

Source: nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PEN/265.01 (retrieved 2026-10-12; page shows "most recent revision (from 2024-11-29)")

A person is guilty of criminal possession of a weapon in the fourth degree when: (1) He or she possesses any firearm, electronic dart gun, electronic stun gun, switchblade knife, pilum ballistic knife, metal knuckle knife, cane sword, billy, blackjack, bludgeon, plastic knuckles, metal knuckles, chuka stick, sand bag, sandclub, wrist-brace type slingshot or slungshot, shuriken, or throwing star; [...] Criminal possession of a weapon in the fourth degree is a class A misdemeanor.

Simple possession of any "firearm" (which includes SBRs and SBSs) is a class A misdemeanor under this section unless an exemption in 265.20 applies. Section 265.01-b separately provides: "A person is guilty of criminal possession of a firearm when he or she: (1) possesses any firearm" and "Criminal possession of a firearm is a class E felony." Source: newyork.public.law/laws/n.y._penal_law_section_265.01-b (retrieved 2026-10-13; a republication of the nysenate.gov text). Felony charges can also arise under 265.02 and related sections.

Source: nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PEN/265.02 (retrieved 2026-10-12; page shows "most recent revision (from 2022-07-08)")

A person is guilty of criminal possession of a weapon in the third degree when: (1) Such person commits the crime of criminal possession of a weapon in the fourth degree as defined in subdivision one, two, three or five of section 265.01, and has been previously convicted of any crime; or

(2) Such person possesses any explosive or incendiary bomb, bombshell, firearm silencer, machine-gun or any other firearm or weapon simulating a machine-gun and which is adaptable for such use; or

(3) Such person knowingly possesses a machine-gun, firearm, rifle or shotgun which has been defaced for the purpose of concealment or prevention of the detection of a crime or misrepresenting the identity of such machine-gun, firearm, rifle or shotgun; or

[...] (6) Such person knowingly possesses any disguised gun; or (7) Such person possesses an assault weapon; or (8) Such person possesses a large capacity ammunition feeding device; or [...]

Criminal possession of a weapon in the third degree is a class D felony.

Source: nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PEN/265.10 (retrieved 2026-10-12; page shows "most recent revision (from 2026-08-28)")

1. Any person who manufactures or causes to be manufactured any machine-gun, ghost gun, unfinished frame or receiver, firearm silencer, major component of a firearm, assault weapon, large capacity ammunition feeding device or disguised gun is guilty of a class D felony. Any person who manufactures or causes to be manufactured any rapid-fire modification device is guilty of a class E felony. [...]

2. Any person who transports or ships any machine-gun, ghost gun, firearm silencer, assault weapon or large capacity ammunition feeding device or disguised gun, or who transports or ships as merchandise five or more firearms, is guilty of a class D felony. Any person who transports or ships any rapid-fire modification device is guilty of a class E felony. [...]

3. Any person who disposes of any machine-gun, assault weapon, large capacity ammunition feeding device or firearm silencer is guilty of a class D felony. Any person who disposes of any rapid-fire modification device is guilty of a class E felony. [...]

Source: nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PEN/265.20 (retrieved 2026-10-12; page shows "most recent revision (from 2026-08-28)")

a. Paragraph (h) of subdivision twenty-two of section 265.00 and sections 265.01, 265.01-a, 265.01-b, 265.01-c, 265.02, 265.03, 265.04, 265.05, 265.10, 265.11, 265.12, 265.13, 265.15, 265.36, 265.37, 265.50, 265.55 and 270.05 shall not apply to: 1. Possession of any of the weapons, instruments, appliances or substances specified in sections 265.01, 265.01-c, 265.02, 265.03, 265.04, 265.05, 265.50, 265.55 and 270.05 by the following: [...] (d) Persons in the military or other service of the United States, in pursuit of official duty or when duly authorized by federal law, regulation or order to possess the same. [...]

8. The manufacturer of machine-guns, firearm silencers, assault weapons, large capacity ammunition feeding devices, rapid-fire modification devices, disguised guns, pilum ballistic knives, switchblade or gravity knives, billies or blackjacks as merchandise, or as a transferee recipient of the same for repair, lawful distribution or research and development, and the disposal and shipment thereof direct to a regularly constituted or appointed state or municipal police department, sheriff, police officer or other peace officer, or to a state prison, penitentiary, workhouse, county jail or other institution for the detention of persons convicted or accused of crime or held as witnesses in criminal cases, or to the military service of this state or of the United States; or for the repair and return of the same to the lawful possessor or for research and development.

No paragraph of 265.20 (read in full) exempts ordinary civilians for NFA-registered or federally lawful silencers, SBRs, SBSs or AOWs, and the section never mentions the National Firearms Act. Para. 3 covers only licensed pistols/revolvers and registered assault weapons (state registration under Penal Law 400.00(16-a)).

Source: ncleg.gov/EnactedLegislation/Statutes/HTML/BySection/Ch… (retrieved 2026-10-12; page shows no currency note; history line ends "2011-268, s. 8")

§ 14-288.8. Manufacture, assembly, possession, storage, transportation, sale, purchase, delivery, or acquisition of weapon of mass death and destruction; exceptions.

(a) Except as otherwise provided in this section, it is unlawful for any person to manufacture, assemble, possess, store, transport, sell, offer to sell, purchase, offer to purchase, deliver or give to another, or acquire any weapon of mass death and destruction.

(b) This section does not apply to any of the following: [...]

(2) Importers, manufacturers, dealers, and collectors of firearms, ammunition, or destructive devices validly licensed under the laws of the United States or the State of North Carolina, while lawfully engaged in activities authorized under their licenses. [...]

(5) Persons who lawfully possess or own a weapon as defined in subsection (c) of this section in compliance with 26 U.S.C. Chapter 53, §§ 5801-5871. Nothing in this subdivision shall limit the discretion of the sheriff in executing the paperwork required by the United States Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms for such person to obtain the weapon.

(c) The term "weapon of mass death and destruction" includes: [...]

(2) Any type of weapon (other than a shotgun or a shotgun shell of a type particularly suitable for sporting purposes) which will, or which may be readily converted to, expel a projectile by the action of an explosive or other propellant, and which has any barrel with a bore of more than one-half inch in diameter; or

(3) Any firearm capable of fully automatic fire, any shotgun with a barrel or barrels of less than 18 inches in length or an overall length of less than 26 inches, any rifle with a barrel or barrels of less than 16 inches in length or an overall length of less than 26 inches, any muffler or silencer for any firearm, whether or not such firearm is included within this definition. For the purposes of this section, rifle is defined as a weapon designed or redesigned, made or remade, and intended to be fired from the shoulder; or

(4) Any combination of parts either designed or intended for use in converting any device into any weapon described above and from which a weapon of mass death and destruction may readily be assembled.

The term "weapon of mass death and destruction" does not include any device which is neither designed nor redesigned for use as a weapon; [...] or any other device which the Secretary of the Treasury finds is not likely to be used as a weapon, is an antique, or is a rifle which the owner intends to use solely for sporting purposes, in accordance with Chapter 44 of Title 18 of the United States Code.

(d) Any person who violates any provision of this section is guilty of a Class F felony.

(Also (c)(1): explosive or incendiary bombs, grenades, rockets over 4 oz. propellant, missiles, mines; omitted here.)

Source: ncleg.gov/EnactedLegislation/Statutes/HTML/BySection/Ch… (retrieved 2026-10-12; history line ends "2019-204, s. 11")

(c) It is a Class 1 misdemeanor for any person taking wildlife to have in his possession any: (1) Repealed by Session Laws 2013-369, s. 23, effective October 1, 2013. (2) Weapon of mass death and destruction as defined in G.S. 14-288.8, other than a suppressor or other device designed to muffle or minimize the report of a firearm or short-barreled rifle that is lawfully possessed by a person in compliance with 26 U.S.C. Chapter 53 §§ 5801-5871.

Source: ncleg.gov/EnactedLegislation/Statutes/HTML/BySection/Ch… (retrieved 2026-10-12; history in subsection (h) ends 2015-195, s. 12)

(a) It is declared by the General Assembly that the regulation of firearms is properly an issue of general, statewide concern, and that the entire field of regulation of firearms is preempted from regulation by local governments except as provided by this section.

(b) Unless otherwise permitted by statute, no county or municipality, by ordinance, resolution, or other enactment, shall regulate in any manner the possession, ownership, storage, transfer, sale, purchase, licensing, taxation, manufacture, transportation, or registration of firearms, firearms ammunition, components of firearms, dealers in firearms, or dealers in handgun components or parts. [...]

Source: ndlegis.gov/cencode/t62-1c05.pdf (retrieved 2026-10-12; official PDF shows no currency date)

1. A person may not purchase, sell, have, or possess a machine gun, fully automatic rifle, silencer, or bomb loaded with explosives or poisonous or dangerous gases, or any other federally licensed firearm or dangerous weapon unless that person has complied with the National Firearms Act [26 U.S.C. 5801-5872].

2. A person who violates this section is guilty of a class C felony. Upon arrest of that person, the firearm or dangerous weapon must be seized. Upon conviction [...] the firearm or dangerous weapon must be forfeited [...]

Source: ndlegis.gov/cencode/t62-1c05.pdf (retrieved 2026-10-12; official PDF shows no currency date)

This chapter does not apply to: 1. The authorized agent and a servant of a person who has a license to purchase, sell, have, or possess a machine gun, submachine gun, fully automatic rifle, silencer, or a bomb loaded with explosives or poisonous or dangerous gases. 2. Any officer or member of a duly authorized military organization while on official duty [...] 3. A North Dakota law enforcement officer. 4. Any federal officer authorized by the federal government to have or possess a machine gun, submachine gun, fully automatic rifle, silencer, or bomb [...]

Source: ndlegis.gov/cencode/t62-1c05.pdf (retrieved 2026-10-12; official PDF shows no currency date)

2. When a chief law enforcement officer's certification is required by federal law or regulation for the transfer or making of a firearm, the chief law enforcement officer, within thirty days of receipt of a request for certification, shall provide the certification if the applicant is not prohibited by law from receiving or possessing the firearm [...] ("Firearm" has the same meaning as provided in the National Firearms Act [26 U.S.C. § 5845(a)].)

Source: ndlegis.gov/cencode/t62-1c02.pdf (retrieved 2026-10-12; official PDF shows no currency date)

A person who possesses, obtains, receives, sells, or uses a short-barreled rifle or a short-barreled shotgun is guilty of a class C felony. This section does not apply to a law enforcement officer who possesses, obtains, receives, sells, or uses a short-barreled rifle or a short-barreled shotgun in the course of or in connection with the officer's official duties, to a member of the armed forces of the United States or national guard, organized reserves, state defense forces, or state guard organizations who possesses or uses a short-barreled rifle or short-barreled shotgun issued to the member by that organization and while on official duty, or to any person who complies with the National Firearms Act [26 U.S.C. 5801-5872].

(Section title: "Possession or sale of short-barreled rifle or shotgun - Penalty - Application.")

Source: ndlegis.gov/cencode/t62-1c01.pdf (retrieved 2026-10-12; PDF shows no currency date)

14. "Short-barreled rifle" means a rifle having one or more barrels less than sixteen inches [40.64 centimeters] in length and any firearm made from a rifle, whether by alteration, modification, or otherwise, if the firearm, as modified, has an overall length of less than twenty-six inches [66.04 centimeters].

15 "Short-barreled shotgun" means a shotgun having one or more barrels less than eighteen inches [45.72 centimeters] in length and any firearm made from a shotgun, [...] if the firearm, as modified, has an overall length of less than twenty-six inches [66.04 centimeters].

17. "Silencer" means any device for or attached to any firearm which will silence or deaden the sound or natural report of the firearm when it is discharged.

Source: ndlegis.gov/cencode/t62-1c01.pdf (retrieved 2026-10-12; PDF shows no currency date)

Subsections 2.a-c are omitted from the excerpt: a. court finds probable cause of a national security threat; b. violation also a violation of Title 62.1; c. violation also of ch. 12.1-16, 12.1-17, 12.1-18, 12.1-20, 12.1-41 or 19-03.1.

2. An agency or political subdivision of the state and a law enforcement officer [...] may not provide assistance to a federal agency or official or act independently with respect to the investigation, prosecution, or enforcement of a violation of a federal statute, order, rule, or regulation purporting to regulate a firearm, firearm accessory, or firearm ammunition enacted after January 1, 2021, if the federal statute, order, rule, or regulation is more restrictive than state law, unless: [...]

Source: codes.ohio.gov/ohio-revised-code/section-2923.17 (retrieved 2026-10-12; page shows "Effective: March 23, 2015; Latest Legislation: House Bill 234 - 130th General Assembly"; the site says LSC updates on an ongoing basis, so a 2026 amendment could lag, but none found)

(A) No person shall knowingly acquire, have, carry, or use any dangerous ordnance.

[...]

(C) Division (A) of this section does not apply to:

(1) Officers, agents, or employees of this or any other state or the United States, members of the armed forces of the United States or the organized militia of this or any other state, and law enforcement officers, to the extent that any such person is authorized to acquire, have, carry, or use dangerous ordnance and is acting within the scope of the person's duties;

[...]

(3) Importers, manufacturers, and dealers having a license to deal in destructive devices or their ammunition, issued and in effect pursuant to the "Gun Control Act of 1968," 82 Stat. 1213, 18 U.S.C. 923, and any amendments or additions thereto or reenactments thereof, with respect to dangerous ordnance lawfully acquired, possessed, carried, or used under the laws of this state and applicable federal law;

[...]

(5) Owners of dangerous ordnance registered in the national firearms registration and transfer record pursuant to the act of October 22, 1968, 82 Stat. 1229, 26 U.S.C. 5841, and any amendments or additions thereto or reenactments thereof, and regulations issued thereunder.

(6) Carriers, warehouses, and others engaged in the business of transporting or storing goods for hire, with respect to dangerous ordnance lawfully transported or stored in the usual course of their business and in compliance with the laws of this state and applicable federal law;

(7) The holders of a license or temporary permit issued and in effect pursuant to section 2923.18 of the Revised Code, with respect to dangerous ordnance lawfully acquired, possessed, carried, or used for the purposes and in the manner specified in such license or permit;

(8) Persons who own a dangerous ordnance that is a firearm muffler or suppressor attached to a gun that is authorized to be used for hunting by section 1533.16 of the Revised Code and who are authorized to use such a dangerous ordnance by section 1533.04 of the Revised Code.

(D) Whoever violates division (A) of this section is guilty of unlawful possession of dangerous ordnance, a felony of the fifth degree.

Source: codes.ohio.gov/ohio-revised-code/section-2923.11 (retrieved 2026-10-12; page shows "Effective: March 28, 2019; Latest Legislation: House Bill 86 - 133rd General Assembly")

(E) "Automatic firearm" means any firearm designed or specially adapted to fire a succession of cartridges with a single function of the trigger.

(F) "Sawed-off firearm" means a shotgun with a barrel less than eighteen inches long, or a rifle with a barrel less than sixteen inches long, or a shotgun or rifle less than twenty-six inches long overall. "Sawed-off firearm" does not include any firearm with an overall length of at least twenty-six inches that is approved for sale by the federal bureau of alcohol, tobacco, firearms, and explosives under the "Gun Control Act of 1968," 82 Stat. 1213, 18 U.S.C. 921(a)(3), but that is found by the bureau not to be regulated under the "National Firearms Act," 68A Stat. 725 (1934), 26 U.S.C. 5845(a).

[...]

(K) "Dangerous ordnance" means any of the following, except as provided in division (L) of this section:

(1) Any automatic or sawed-off firearm, zip-gun, or ballistic knife;

(2) Any explosive device or incendiary device;

[...]

(4) Any firearm, rocket launcher, mortar, artillery piece, grenade, mine, bomb, torpedo, or similar weapon, designed and manufactured for military purposes, and the ammunition for that weapon;

(5) Any firearm muffler or suppressor;

(6) Any combination of parts that is intended by the owner for use in converting any firearm or other device into a dangerous ordnance.

(L) "Dangerous ordnance" does not include any of the following:

[...]

(2) Any pistol, rifle, or shotgun, designed or suitable for sporting purposes, including a military weapon as issued or as modified, and the ammunition for that weapon, unless the firearm is an automatic or sawed-off firearm;

[...]

(6) Any device that is expressly excepted from the definition of a destructive device pursuant to the "Gun Control Act of 1968," 82 Stat. 1213, 18 U.S.C. 921(a)(4), as amended, and regulations issued under that act;

(7) Any firearm with an overall length of at least twenty-six inches that is approved for sale by the federal bureau of alcohol, tobacco, firearms, and explosives under the "Gun Control Act of 1968," 82 Stat. 1213, 18 U.S.C. 921(a)(3), but that is found by the bureau not to be regulated under the "National Firearms Act," 68A Stat. 725 (1934), 26 U.S.C. 5845(a).

Source: codes.ohio.gov/ohio-revised-code/section-1533.04 (retrieved 2026-10-12; page shows "Effective: March 23, 2015; Latest Legislation: House Bill 234 - 130th General Assembly")

(A) A person who holds a valid hunting license issued under this chapter and who hunts game birds or wild quadrupeds may use a suppressor attached to a gun that is authorized to be used for hunting by section 1533.16 of the Revised Code while hunting, provided that the person is authorized to possess the suppressor under state and federal laws and has registered the suppressor in accordance with the "National Firearms Act," 68A Stat. 725 (1934), 26 U.S.C. 5841, et seq., as amended.

(B) As used in this section, "suppressor" means any device used for diminishing the sound of any shot, bullet, or projectile that is discharged from a gun that is authorized to be used for hunting by section 1533.16 of the Revised Code.

R.C. 1533.16 (same site; effective Oct. 20, 1994) only lists lawful methods of taking game (gun, bow, etc.; no gun larger than ten gauge) and does no work here.

Source: codes.ohio.gov/ohio-revised-code/section-2923.18 (retrieved 2026-10-12; "Effective: April 12, 2021; Senate Bill 140 - 133rd General Assembly")

Excerpt: a sheriff, safety director or police chief may issue a license or temporary permit "to acquire, possess, carry, or use dangerous ordnance" for listed purposes (contractors, farmers (explosives), scientists/instructors, armored-car guards, and "in the discretion of the issuing authority, any responsible person, with respect to dangerous ordnance lawfully acquired, possessed, carried, or used for a legitimate research, scientific, educational, industrial, or other proper purpose"). Application fee $50 (license) / $5 (temporary). Discretionary and purpose-limited.

Source: oscn.net/applications/oscn/DeliverDocument.asp?CiteID=6… (retrieved 2026-10-12; OSCN 2026, history ends "Amended by Laws 2025, HB 2104, c. 486, § 598, eff. January 1, 2026")

A. "Sawed-off shotgun" shall mean any firearm capable of discharging a series of projectiles of any material which may reasonably be expected to be able to cause lethal injury, with a barrel or barrels less than eighteen (18) inches in length, and using a combustible propellant charge, but does not include any weapon so designed with a barrel less than eighteen (18) inches in length, provided it has an overall length of twenty-six (26) inches or more.

B. "Sawed-off rifle" shall mean any rifle having a barrel or barrels of less than sixteen (16) inches in length or any weapon made from a rifle (whether by alteration, modification, or otherwise) if such a weapon as modified has an overall length of less than twenty-six (26) inches in length, including the stock portion.

C. Every person who knowingly has in his possession or under his immediate control a sawed-off shotgun or a sawed-off rifle, whether concealed or not, shall upon conviction be guilty of a Class D2 felony offense for the possession of such device, and shall be punishable by a fine not to exceed One Thousand Dollars ($1,000.00), or imprisonment as provided for in subsections B through F of Section 20O of this title, or both such fine and imprisonment.

D. This section shall not apply to any firearm that is lawfully possessed under federal law or that is otherwise not regulated as a "firearm" pursuant to the National Firearms Act.

E. The term "firearm" as used in this section and in the Oklahoma Firearms Act of 1971, shall not include an "antique firearm" as defined in 18 U.S.C., Section 921 (2006).

The 2019 SB 24 enrolled text (oklegislature.gov/cf_pdf/2019-20 ENR/SB/SB24 ENR.PDF) is consistent with subsection D and replaced the older registration-form defense.

Source: oscn.net/applications/oscn/DeliverDocument.asp?CiteID=6… (retrieved 2026-10-12; § 1289.4 history ends "Amended by Laws 1995, SB 3, c. 272, § 42, eff. September 1, 1995")

Source: oscn.net/applications/oscn/DeliverDocument.asp?CiteID=6… (retrieved 2026-10-12; OSCN 2026, history ends "Amended by Laws 2019, SB 24, c. 63, § 2, eff. November 1, 2019")

"Rifles" as used in the Oklahoma Firearms Act of 1971, Sections 1289.1 through 1289.17 of this title, shall mean any firearm capable of discharging a projectile composed of any material which may reasonably be expected to be able to cause lethal injury, with a barrel or barrels more than sixteen (16) inches in length, and using either gunpowder, gas or any means of rocket propulsion, but not to include archery equipment, flare guns or underwater fishing guns. ...

"Shotguns" as used in the Oklahoma Firearms Act of 1971, shall mean any firearm capable of discharging a series of projectiles of any material which may reasonably be expected to be able to cause lethal injury, with a barrel or barrels more than eighteen (18) inches in length, and using a combustible propellant charge, but not to include any weapon so designed with a barrel less than eighteen (18) inches in length unless the overall length of the firearm is twenty-six (26) inches or more. ...

Source: oklegislature.gov/OK_Statutes/CompleteTitles/os21.rtf (retrieved 2026-10-12; official complete Title 21, history ends "Laws 2025, c. 486, § 130, eff. Jan. 1, 2026")

A. Except as provided in subsection B of this section, it shall be unlawful for any person convicted of any felony in any court of this state or of another state or of the United States to have in his or her possession or under his or her immediate control, or in any vehicle which the person is operating, or at the residence where the convicted person resides, any pistol, imitation or homemade pistol, altered air or toy pistol, machine gun, sawed-off shotgun or sawed-off rifle, or any other firearm. Any person who violates the provisions of this subsection shall, upon conviction, be guilty of a Class B4 felony offense.

H. For purposes of this section, "sawed-off shotgun" or "sawed-off rifle" shall mean any shotgun or rifle which the barrel or barrels have been illegally shortened in length.

Source: oscn.net/applications/oscn/DeliverDocument.asp?CiteID=7… (retrieved 2026-10-12; OSCN 2026, history ends "Amended by Laws 2021, HB 1112, c. 29, § 1, eff. November 1, 2021")

A. Except as otherwise provided for in this section or in rules promulgated by the Wildlife Conservation Commission, no person may utilize at any time, for the purpose of killing or capturing any game mammal, game bird, nongame bird or exotic wildlife, the following means: ... 5. Any device which noticeably suppresses noise from a firearm, commonly known as a suppressor or silencer, unless it is registered in compliance with the requirements of federal law.

E. Nothing in this section shall be construed to exempt any person using a device as described in paragraph 5 of subsection A of this section from the requirements and provisions of federal law, federal regulations and federal tax requirements for lawful use of the device.

H. 1. Any person convicted of violating the provisions of subsection A of this section shall be punished by a fine of not less than One Hundred Dollars ($100.00) nor more than Five Hundred Dollars ($500.00).

...

3. Any person convicted of a wildlife offense which involves a species of wildlife listed in Section 5-411 of this title, involves a species of wildlife referenced in Section 5-412 of this title or involves the unlawful possession, taking or killing of the wildlife from an unlawful hunt, chase, trap, capture, shooting, killing or slaughter while using a suppressed firearm during the commission of the wildlife offense, in addition to any other penalty otherwise provided for in law, shall be punished by a fine of not less than Five Hundred Dollars ($500.00) nor more than One Thousand Dollars ($1,000.00) or by imprisonment in the county jail not exceeding one (1) year, or by both the fine and imprisonment. In addition, the court may order that the hunting or fishing license and privileges of the person be revoked for a period of not less than one (1) year but not exceeding five (5) years.

Source: oscn.net/applications/oscn/DeliverDocument.asp?CiteID=6… (retrieved 2026-10-12; OSCN 2026, history ends "Amended by Laws 2021, SB 926, c. 310, § 1, eff. November 1, 2021")

A. 1. The State Legislature hereby occupies and preempts the entire field of legislation in this state touching in any way firearms, air powered pistols, air powered rifles, knives, components, ammunition and supplies to the complete exclusion of any order, ordinance or regulation by any municipality or other political subdivision of this state. ...

B. No municipality or other political subdivision of this state shall adopt any order, ordinance or regulation concerning in any way the sale, purchase, purchase delay, transfer, ownership, use, keeping, possession, carrying, bearing, transportation, licensing, permit, registration, taxation other than sales and compensating use taxes or other controls on firearms, knives, components, ammunition and supplies.

Source: oscn.net/applications/oscn/DeliverDocument.asp?CiteID=4… (retrieved 2026-10-12; OSCN 2026, history "Laws 2021, SB 631, c. 236, § 2, emerg. eff. April 26, 2021")

D. The preemption provided in this act shall include:

1. Any regulation of arms and ammunition, pursuant to the National Firearms Act of 1934, prohibited or regulated on or after the effective date of this act; and

2. Any regulations or provision of the Gun Control Act of 1968, prohibited or regulated on or after the effective date of this act.

I read this as aimed at state and local regulation, not as a state exception for an unregistered item, and nothing in it mentions § 1289.18.

Source: oscn.net/applications/oscn/DeliverDocument.asp?CiteID=4… (retrieved 2026-10-12; OSCN 2026, history "Laws 2014, HB 2461, c. 237, § 1, eff. November 1, 2014")

A. When certification by a chief law enforcement officer is required by federal law or regulation for the transfer or making of a firearm, the chief law enforcement officer shall, within fifteen (15) days of receipt of a request for certification, provide such certification if the applicant is not prohibited by law from receiving the firearm or the applicant is not the subject of a proceeding that could result in the applicant being prohibited by law from receiving the firearm. ...

Source: oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/ors/ors166.html (retrieved 2026-10-12; 2025 edition, listing 2026 Oregon Laws chapters through "2026 Session Laws 0120"; history line for this section ends [1989 c.839 13a; 1997 c.749 8; 1997 c.798 1], i.e. no recent amendments shown)

(1) A person commits the crime of unlawful possession of a machine gun, short-barreled rifle, short-barreled shotgun or firearms silencer if the person knowingly possesses any machine gun, short-barreled rifle, short-barreled shotgun or firearms silencer.

(2) Unlawful possession of a machine gun, short-barreled rifle, short-barreled shotgun or firearms silencer is a Class B felony.

(3) A peace officer may not arrest or charge a person for violating subsection (1) of this section if the person has in the persons immediate possession documentation showing that the machine gun, short-barreled rifle, short-barreled shotgun or firearms silencer is registered as required under federal law.

(4) It is an affirmative defense to a charge of violating subsection (1) of this section that the machine gun, short-barreled rifle, short-barreled shotgun or firearms silencer was registered as required under federal law.

Source: oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/ors/ors166.html (retrieved 2026-10-12; 2025 edition)

(4) Firearms silencer means any device for silencing, muffling or diminishing the report of a firearm.

[...]

(7) Machine gun means a weapon of any description by whatever name known, loaded or unloaded, which is designed or modified to allow two or more shots to be fired by a single pressure on the trigger device.

[...]

(15) Short-barreled rifle means a rifle having one or more barrels less than 16 inches in length and any weapon made from a rifle if the weapon has an overall length of less than 26 inches.

(16) Short-barreled shotgun means a shotgun having one or more barrels less than 18 inches in length and any weapon made from a shotgun if the weapon has an overall length of less than 26 inches.

Source: oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/ors/ors166.html (retrieved 2026-10-12; 2025 edition)

(1) Except as expressly authorized by state statute, the authority to regulate in any matter whatsoever the sale, acquisition, transfer, ownership, possession, storage, transportation or use of firearms or any element relating to firearms and components thereof, including ammunition, is vested solely in the Legislative Assembly.

Source: law.justia.com/codes/pennsylvania/title-18/chapter-9/se… (retrieved 2026-10-12; Justia "2025 Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes" edition, reflecting the Nov. 3, 2022 amendment by Act 119)

(a) Offense defined.--A person commits a misdemeanor of the first degree if, except as authorized by law, he makes repairs, sells, or otherwise deals in, uses, or possesses any offensive weapon.

(b) Exceptions.--

(1) It is a defense under this section for the defendant to prove by a preponderance of evidence that he possessed or dealt with the weapon solely as a curio or in a dramatic performance, or that, with the exception of a bomb, grenade or incendiary device, he complied with the National Firearms Act (26 U.S.C. § 5801 et seq.), or that he possessed it briefly in consequence of having found it or taken it from an aggressor, or under circumstances similarly negativing any intent or likelihood that the weapon would be used unlawfully.

[...]

(3) This section shall not apply to any person who makes, repairs, sells or otherwise deals in, uses or possesses any firearm for purposes not prohibited by the laws of this Commonwealth.

(c) Definitions.-- [...]

"Firearm." Any weapon which is designed to or may readily be converted to expel any projectile by the action of an explosive or the frame or receiver of any such weapon.

"Offensive weapons." Any bomb, grenade, machine gun, sawed-off shotgun with a barrel less than 18 inches, firearm specially made or specially adapted for concealment or silent discharge, any blackjack, sandbag, metal knuckles, any stun gun, stun baton, taser or other electronic or electric weapon or other implement for the infliction of serious bodily injury which serves no common lawful purpose.

Source: law.justia.com/codes/pennsylvania/title-18/chapter-61/s… (retrieved 2026-10-12; Justia 2025 edition)

"Firearm." Any pistol or revolver with a barrel length less than 15 inches, any shotgun with a barrel length less than 18 inches or any rifle with a barrel length less than 16 inches, or any pistol, revolver, rifle or shotgun with an overall length of less than 26 inches. The barrel length of a firearm shall be determined by measuring from the muzzle of the barrel to the face of the closed action, bolt or cylinder, whichever is applicable.

This definition governs the Uniform Firearms Act licensing and prohibited-person provisions (e.g. §§ 6105, 6106), so short-barreled rifles and shotguns are treated like handguns for carry-license purposes. It is not a ban and has no NFA-registration condition.

Source: webserver.rilegislature.gov/Statutes/TITLE11/11-47/11-4… (retrieved 2026-10-12; history ends P.L. 2024, ch. 320 and ch. 321, both eff. June 25, 2024)

It shall be unlawful within this state to manufacture, sell, purchase, or possess any muffler, silencer, or device for deadening or muffling the sound of a firearm when discharged; provided, however, that law enforcement officers utilizing said devices while acting within the scope of their official duties, as tactical teams and under the direct supervision of the police chief or the colonel of the state police or their designee, shall not be in violation of this section. Violations of this section shall be punished by imprisonment for not less than one year and one day.

Source: webserver.rilegislature.gov/Statutes/TITLE11/11-47/11-4… (retrieved 2026-10-12; history ends P.L. 2023, ch. 395, art. 2, § 3, eff. June 27, 2023). No amendment in 2024-2026 appears in the history line; there is no exception for NFA-registered short-barreled rifles or shotguns.

(a) [...] No person shall manufacture, sell, purchase, or possess a machine gun except as otherwise provided in this chapter. Every person violating the provision of this section shall, upon conviction, be punished by imprisonment for not less than one nor more than ten (10) years, or by a fine up to ten thousand dollars ($10,000), or both [...]

(b) No person shall have in his or her possession or under his or her control any sawed-off shotgun or sawed-off rifle as defined in § 11-47-2. Any person convicted of violating this subsection shall be punished by imprisonment for up to ten (10) years, or by a fine of up to five thousand dollars ($5,000), or both.

(d) It shall be unlawful for any person to possess a bump-fire device, binary trigger, trigger crank, or any other device that when attached to a semi-automatic weapon allows full-automatic fire. [...]

(e) No person shall manufacture, sell, offer to sell, transfer, purchase, possess, or have under his or her control a ghost gun or an undetectable firearm or any firearm produced by a 3D printing process. [...] These provisions shall not apply to federally licensed manufacturers (Federal Firearm License Type 07) pursuant to Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives (ATF) regulations.

Source: webserver.rilegislature.gov/Statutes/TITLE11/11-47/11-4… (retrieved 2026-10-12; history ends P.L. 2025, ch. 428, § 1, eff. July 2, 2025)

(11) "Machine gun" means any weapon that shoots, is designed to shoot, or can be readily restored to shoot automatically more than one shot, without manual reloading, by a single function of the trigger. [...]

(14) "Pistol" includes any pistol or revolver, and any shotgun, rifle, or similar weapon with overall length less than twenty-six inches (26"), but does not include any pistol or revolver designed for the use of blank cartridges only.

(15) "Rifle" shall have the same meaning as in 26 U.S.C. § 5845(c), and by barrel length and overall length not be subject to registration pursuant to the National Firearms Act, 26 U.S.C. ch. 53 (prior § 5801 et seq.).

(16) "Sawed-off rifle" means any rifle with overall length of less than twenty-six inches (26") or barrel length of less than sixteen inches (16").

(17) "Sawed-off shotgun" means any shotgun with overall length of less than twenty-six inches (26") or barrel length of less than eighteen inches (18").

(19) "Shotgun" shall have the same meaning as in 26 U.S.C. § 5845(d), and by barrel length and overall length not be subject to registration pursuant to the National Firearms Act, 26 U.S.C. ch. 53 (prior § 5801 et seq.).

No definition of "silencer" in § 11-47-2; § 11-47-20 defines by function. Note the circularity: "rifle" and "shotgun" are defined as items NOT subject to NFA registration by barrel/overall length, yet "sawed-off" rifle/shotgun are defined using "rifle"/"shotgun". Nothing in the text exempts NFA-registered items. How this wording applies to an unregistered item is untested.

Source: scstatehouse.gov/code/t16c023.php (retrieved 2026-10-12; history notes show no change to these sections after 2001/2008)

When used in this article:

(a) "Machine gun" applies to and includes any weapon which shoots, is designed to shoot, or can be readily restored to shoot, automatically more than one shot, without manual reloading, by a single function of the trigger. The term shall also include the frame or receiver of any such weapon, any combination or parts designed and intended for use in converting a weapon into a machine gun, and any combination of parts from which a machine gun can be assembled if such parts are in the possession or under the control of a person.

(b) "Sawed-off shotgun" means a shotgun having a barrel or barrels of less than eighteen inches in length or a weapon made from a shotgun which as modified has an overall length of less than twenty-six inches or a barrel or barrels of less than eighteen inches in length.

(c) "Shotgun" means a weapon designed or redesigned, made or remade, and intended to be fired from the shoulder and designed or redesigned and made or remade to use the energy of the explosive in a fixed shotgun shell to fire through a smooth bore either a number of ball shot or a single projectile for each pull of the trigger. The term includes any such weapon which may be readily restored to fire a fixed shotgun shell but does not include an antique firearm as defined in this section.

(d) "Sawed-off rifle" means a rifle having a barrel or barrels of less than sixteen inches in length or a weapon made from a rifle which as modified has an overall length of less than twenty-six inches or a barrel or barrels of less than sixteen inches in length.

(e) "Rifle" means a weapon designed or redesigned, made or remade, and intended to be fired from the shoulder and designed or redesigned and made or remade to use the energy of the explosive in a fixed cartridge to fire only a single projectile through a rifled bore for each single pull of the trigger. The term includes any such weapon which may be readily restored to fire a fixed cartridge but does not include an antique firearm as described in this section.

(f) "Antique firearm" means any firearm not designed or redesigned for using rim fire or conventional center fire ignition with fixed ammunition and manufactured in or before 1898 (including any matchlock, flintlock, percussion cap, or similar type of ignition system or replica thereof, whether actually manufactured before or after the year 1898) and also any firearm using fixed ammunition manufactured in or before 1898, for which ammunition is no longer manufactured in the United States and is not readily available in the ordinary channels of commercial trade.

(g) "Military firearm" means any military weapon, firearm, or destructive device, other than a machine gun, that is manufactured for military use by a firm licensed by the federal government pursuant to a contract with the federal government and does not include a pistol, rifle, or shotgun which fires only one shot for each pull of the trigger.

Source: scstatehouse.gov/code/t16c023.php (retrieved 2026-10-12; history notes show no change to these sections after 2001/2008)

It is unlawful for a person to transport from one place to another in this State or for any railroad company, express company, or other common carrier or any officer, agent, or employee of any of them or other person acting in their behalf knowingly to ship or to transport from one place to another in this State a machine gun or firearm commonly known as a machine gun, military firearm, sawed-off shotgun, or sawed-off rifle, except as provided in Sections 16-23-250 and 23-31-330.

A person who violates the provisions of this section, upon conviction, must be punished pursuant to Section 16-23-260.

Source: scstatehouse.gov/code/t16c023.php (retrieved 2026-10-12; history notes show no change to these sections after 2001/2008)

It is unlawful for a person to store, keep, possess, or have in possession or permit another to store, keep, possess, or have in possession a machine gun or firearm commonly known as a machine gun, military firearm, sawed-off shotgun, or sawed-off rifle, except as provided in Sections 16-23-250 and 23-31-330.

A person who violates the provisions of this section, upon conviction, must be punished pursuant to Section 16-23-260.

Source: scstatehouse.gov/code/t16c023.php (retrieved 2026-10-12; history notes show no change to these sections after 2001/2008)

It is unlawful for a person to sell, rent, give away, or participate in any manner, directly or indirectly, in the sale, renting, giving away, or otherwise disposing of a machine gun, or firearm commonly known as a machine gun, military firearm, sawed-off shotgun, or sawed-off rifle, except as provided in Sections 16-23-250 and 23-31-330.

A person who violates the provisions of this section, upon conviction, must be punished pursuant to Section 16-23-260.

Source: scstatehouse.gov/code/t16c023.php (retrieved 2026-10-12; history notes show no change to these sections after 2001/2008)

The provisions of this article do not apply to the Army, Navy, or Air Force of the United States, the National Guard, and organizations authorized by law to purchase or receive machine guns, military firearms, or sawed-off shotguns or sawed-off rifles, from the United States or from this State and the members of these organizations. Any peace officer of the State or of a county or other political subdivision, state constable, member of the highway patrol, railway policeman or warden, superintendent, head keeper or deputy of a state prison, correction facility, workhouse, county jail, city jail, or other institution for the detention of persons convicted or accused of crime or held as witnesses in criminal cases or persons on duty in the postal service of the United States or a common carrier while transporting direct to a police department, military, or naval organization or person authorized by law to possess or use a machine gun, or sawed-off shotgun, or sawed-off rifle, may possess machine guns, or sawed-off shotguns, or sawed-off rifles, when required in the performance of their duties. The provisions of this section must not be construed to apply to machine guns, or sawed-off shotguns, or sawed-off rifles kept for display as relics and which are rendered harmless and not usable.

The provisions of this article do not apply to any manufacturer of machine guns or military firearms licensed pursuant to the provisions of 18 U. S. C. Section 921 et seq., any person authorized to possess these weapons by the United States Department of the Treasury, the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms, or any other federal agency empowered to grant this authorization, any common or contract carrier transporting or shipping any machine gun or military firearm to or from the manufacturer if the transportation or shipment is not prohibited by federal law, or persons licensed pursuant to Section 23-31-370.

Source: scstatehouse.gov/code/t16c023.php (retrieved 2026-10-12; history notes show no change to these sections after 2001/2008)

A person violating the provisions of this article is guilty of a felony and, upon conviction, must be fined not more than ten thousand dollars or imprisoned not more than ten years, or both.

Source: scstatehouse.gov/code/t23c031.php (retrieved 2026-10-12; history notes show no change to these sections after 2001/2008)

The provisions of this article shall not apply to the Army, Navy, or Air Force of the United States, the National Guard, and organizations authorized by law to purchase or receive machine guns, military firearms, or sawed-off shotguns or sawed-off rifles, from the United States or from this State and the members of such organizations. Any peace officer of the State or of any county or other political subdivision thereof, state constable, member of the highway patrol, railway policeman or warden, superintendent, head keeper or deputy of any state prison, penitentiary, workhouse, county jail, city jail, or other institution for the detention of persons convicted or accused of crime or held as witnesses in criminal cases or person on duty in the postal service of the United States or any common carrier while transporting direct to any police department, military, or naval organization or person authorized by law to possess or use a machine gun, or sawed-off shotgun or sawed-off rifle, may possess machine guns, or sawed-off shotguns or sawed-off rifles, when required in the performance of their duties. Nor shall the provisions hereof be construed to apply to machine guns, or sawed-off shotguns or sawed-off rifles, kept for display as relics and which are rendered harmless and not usable.

The provisions of this article shall not apply to any manufacturer of machine guns or military firearms licensed pursuant to the provisions of 18 U. S. C. Section 921 et seq., nor to any common or contract carrier transporting or shipping any machine guns or military firearms to or from such manufacturer if the transportation or shipment is not prohibited by federal law. Any such manufacturer shall furnish to the South Carolina Law Enforcement Division the serial numbers of all machine guns or military firearms manufactured by it within thirty days of such manufacture and shall be subject to the penalties provided in Section 23-31-340 for noncompliance.

Source: scstatehouse.gov/code/t23c031.php (retrieved 2026-10-12; history notes show no change to these sections after 2001/2008)

(A) Every person permitted by Section 23-31-320 to possess a machine gun or sawed-off shotgun or sawed-off rifle, and any person elected or appointed to any office or position which entitles the person to possess a machine gun or sawed-off shotgun or sawed-off rifle, upon taking office, shall file with the State Law Enforcement Division on a blank to be supplied by the division on request an application which is properly sworn. The application must be approved by the sheriff of the county in which the applicant resides or has his principal place of business and include the applicant's name, residence and business address, physical description, whether or not ever charged or convicted of any crime, municipal, state, or otherwise, and where, if charged, and when it was disposed of. The applicant shall also give a description including the serial number and make of the machine gun or sawed-off shotgun or sawed-off rifle which he possesses or desires to possess. The State Law Enforcement Division shall file the application in its office. The division shall register the applicant together with the information required in the application in a book or index to be kept for that purpose, assign to him a number, and issue to him a card which shall bear the signature of the applicant and which he shall keep with him while he has the machine gun or sawed-off shotgun or sawed-off rifle in his possession. This registration must be made on the date application is received and filed with the division. The registration expires on December thirty-first of the year in which the license is issued.

(B) No permit or registration required by the provisions of this section is required where weapons are possessed by a governmental entity which has a significant public safety responsibility for the protection of life or property.

Source: scstatehouse.gov/code/t23c031.php (retrieved 2026-10-12; history notes show no change to these sections after 2001/2008)

No governing body of any county, municipality, or other political subdivision in the State may enact or promulgate any regulation or ordinance that regulates or attempts to regulate:

(1) the transfer, ownership, possession, carrying, or transportation of firearms, ammunition, components of firearms, or any combination of these things; or [...]

Source: sdlegislature.gov/Statutes/22-14-6 (retrieved 2026-10-12; history line ends SL 2026, ch 96, § 2)

Any person who knowingly possesses a controlled weapon is guilty of a Class 6 felony. The provisions of this section do not apply to any person who:

(1) Is a law enforcement officer or member of the armed forces of the United States or South Dakota National Guard acting in the lawful discharge of duties;

(2) Has a federal license issued pursuant to law for the weapon or has registered the weapon with the proper federal authority pursuant to law;

(3) Possesses a controlled weapon briefly after having found it or taken it from an offender; or

(4) Possesses any controlled weapon, other than a machine gun or short shotgun, under circumstances which negate any purpose or likelihood that the weapon would be used unlawfully.

Source: sdlegislature.gov/Statutes/22-1-2 (retrieved 2026-10-12; history line ends SL 2026, ch 96, § 1; SL 2026, ch 97, § 1)

(8) "Controlled weapon" includes a machine gun and short shotgun, but does not include a firearm silencer;

[...]

(17) "Firearm silencer," any instrument, attachment, weapon, or appliance for causing the firing of any gun, revolver, pistol, or other firearm to be silent, or intended to lessen or muffle the noise of the firing of any such weapon;

[...]

(23) "Machine gun," any firearm, whatever its size and usual designation, that automatically discharges two or more cartridges by a single function of the firing device;

[...]

(46) "Short rifle," any rifle having a barrel less than sixteen inches long, or an overall length of less than twenty-six inches;

(47) "Short shotgun," any shotgun having a barrel less than eighteen inches long or an overall length of less than twenty-six inches;

Source: sdlegislature.gov/api/Statutes/22-14-12.html?all=true (retrieved 2026-10-12; history line ends SL 2023, ch 82, § 12)

Any person who commits or attempts to commit any felony while armed with a firearm, including a machine gun or short shotgun, is guilty of a Class 2 felony for the first conviction. [...]

Source: capitol.tn.gov/Bills/112/Bill/SB2628.pdf (retrieved 2026-10-12; official legislature bill text, as filed)

The legislature's bill status page (wapp.capitol.tn.gov/apps/BillInfo/Default.aspx?BillNumb…) says "As enacted, removes a short-barrel rifle or shotgun from the list of weapons the possession, manufacture, transport, repair, or sale of which is prohibited under state law," Pub. Ch. 1038, signed 05/25/2022, effective 07/01/2022. The text quoted below is the bill as filed; the enrolled Public Chapter 1038 (publications.tnsosfiles.com/acts/112/pub/pc1038.pdf, retrieved 2026-10-13) reads the same.

SECTION 1. Tennessee Code Annotated, Section 39-17-1302, is amended by deleting subdivision (a)(4) in its entirety.

SECTION 2. This act takes effect July 1, 2022, the public welfare requiring it.

Source: lexisnexis.com/hottopics/tncode/ (retrieved 2026-10-13; current through the 2026 Regular Session and the 2026 2nd Extraordinary Session)

(a) A person commits an offense who intentionally or knowingly possesses, manufactures, transports, repairs or sells:

(1) An explosive or an explosive weapon;

(2) A device principally designed, made or adapted for delivering or shooting an explosive weapon;

(3) A machine gun;

(4) Hoax device;

(5) Knuckles; or

(6) Any other implement for infliction of serious bodily injury or death that has no common lawful purpose.

[...]

(d) It is an exception to the application of subsection (a) that the person acquiring or possessing a weapon described in subdivisions (a)(3) is in full compliance with the requirements of the National Firearms Act (26 U.S.C. §§ 5841-5862).

Subsection (a) as currently in force lists no firearm silencer and no short-barrel rifle or shotgun. The only NFA-linked provision is subsection (d), which applies to machine guns alone.

Source: lexisnexis.com/hottopics/tncode/ (retrieved 2026-10-13; current through the 2026 Regular Session and the 2026 2nd Extraordinary Session)

(10) "Machine gun" means any firearm that is capable of shooting more than two (2) shots automatically, without manual reloading, by a single function of the trigger and includes any part, or combination of parts, designed and intended solely for use in converting a firearm into a machine gun;

(14) "Short barrel" means a barrel length of less than sixteen inches (16") for a rifle and eighteen inches (18") for a shotgun, or an overall firearm length of less than twenty-six inches (26");

"Short barrel" is still defined in § 39-17-1301 even though § 39-17-1302(a) no longer uses the term. The definitions section contains no definition of a silencer or suppressor.

Source: statutes.capitol.texas.gov/docviewer?docName=PE.46.htm (retrieved 2026-10-12; official site states statutes current through the 89th 2nd Called Legislative Session, 2025)

The history line of § 46.05 ends "Acts 2025, 89th Leg., R.S., Ch. 845 (S.B. 1596), Sec. 1, eff. September 1, 2025"; § 46.05(e) says "Except as otherwise provided by this subsection, an offense under this section is a felony of the third degree. An offense under Subsection (a)(5) is a state jail felony." Enrolled bill: capitol.texas.gov/tlodocs/89R/billtext/html/SB01596F.htm ; history: capitol.texas.gov/BillLookup/History.aspx?LegSess=89R&B…. Surviving text reads:

(a) A person commits an offense if the person intentionally or knowingly possesses, manufactures, transports, repairs, or sells:

(1) any of the following items, unless the item is registered in the National Firearms Registration and Transfer Record maintained by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives or otherwise not subject to that registration requirement or unless the item is classified as a curio or relic by the United States Department of Justice:

(A) an explosive weapon; or

(B) a machine gun;

(2) armor-piercing ammunition;

(3) a chemical dispensing device;

(4) a zip gun;

(5) a tire deflation device; or

(6) an improvised explosive device.

[...]

(d) It is an affirmative defense to prosecution under this section that the actor's conduct:

(1) was incidental to dealing with a tire deflation device solely as an antique or curio; [...]

Enrolled bill: "SECTION 2. Section 46.01(10), Penal Code, is repealed." (the "short-barrel firearm" definition). "SECTION 3. The change in law made by this Act applies only to an offense committed on or after the effective date of this Act. [...] the former law is continued in effect for that purpose." "SECTION 4. This Act takes effect September 1, 2025." Caption: "Relating to the prohibition of short-barrel firearms." (Subsections (b), (e) and the penalty are unchanged by the bill.)

Superseded text (before Sept. 1, 2025), for offenses committed earlier: § 46.05(a)(1)(C) "a short-barrel firearm" and § 46.01(10) "a rifle with a barrel length of less than 16 inches or a shotgun with a barrel length of less than 18 inches, or any weapon made from a shotgun or rifle if, as altered, it has an overall length of less than 26 inches." Source: texas.public.law/statutes/tex._penal_code_section_46.05 (retrieved 2026-10-12; pre-amendment text)

Source: statutes.capitol.texas.gov/docviewer?docName=PE.46.htm (retrieved 2026-10-12; official site states statutes current through the 89th 2nd Called Legislative Session, 2025)

The official page shows (10) as "Repealed by Acts 2025, 89th Leg., R.S., Ch. 845 (S.B. 1596), Sec. 2, eff. September 1, 2025."

(4) Repealed by Acts 2021, 87th Leg., R.S., Ch. 642 (H.B. 957), Sec. 3, eff. September 1, 2021.

(9) "Machine gun" means any firearm that is capable of shooting more than two shots automatically, without manual reloading, by a single function of the trigger.

(10) Repealed by Acts 2025, 89th Leg., R.S., Ch. 845 (S.B. 1596), Sec. 2, eff. September 1, 2025.

(Former § 46.01(4) was the "firearm silencer" definition; repealed 2021.)

Source: statutes.capitol.texas.gov/docviewer?docName=GV.2.htm (retrieved 2026-10-12; official site states statutes current through the 89th 2nd Called Legislative Session, 2025)

(2) "Firearm suppressor" means any device designed, made, or adapted to muffle the report of a firearm.

Source: statutes.capitol.texas.gov/docviewer?docName=GV.2.htm (retrieved 2026-10-12; official site states statutes current through the 89th 2nd Called Legislative Session, 2025)

(The quote is § 2.051(a); the official page also has a subsection (b).)

(a) For the purposes of this subchapter, a firearm suppressor is manufactured in this state if the item is manufactured: (1) in this state from basic materials; and (2) without the inclusion of any part imported from another state other than a generic and insignificant part.

Source: statutes.capitol.texas.gov/docviewer?docName=GV.2.htm (retrieved 2026-10-12; official site states statutes current through the 89th 2nd Called Legislative Session, 2025)

(The quote is § 2.052(a); the official page also has a subsection (b).)

(a) A firearm suppressor that is manufactured in this state and remains in this state is not subject to federal law or federal regulation, including registration, under the authority of the United States Congress to regulate interstate commerce.

Source: statutes.capitol.texas.gov/docviewer?docName=GV.2.htm (retrieved 2026-10-12; official site states statutes current through the 89th 2nd Called Legislative Session, 2025)

A firearm suppressor manufactured and sold in this state must have the words "Made in Texas" clearly stamped on it.

Source: statutes.capitol.texas.gov/docviewer?docName=GV.2.htm (retrieved 2026-10-12; official site states statutes current through the 89th 2nd Called Legislative Session, 2025)

Section 2.101 applies this to the State, municipalities, counties, special districts, sheriffs, and district/county attorneys.

(a) An entity described by Section 2.101 may not adopt a rule, order, ordinance, or policy under which the entity enforces, or by consistent action allows the enforcement of, a federal statute, order, rule, or regulation that purports to regulate a firearm suppressor if the statute, order, rule, or regulation imposes a prohibition, restriction, or other regulation that does not exist under the laws of this state.

(b) No entity described by Section 2.101 and no person employed by or otherwise under the direction or control of the entity may enforce or attempt to enforce any federal statute, order, rule, or regulation described by Subsection (a).

Source: le.utah.gov/xcode/Title76/Chapter11/76-11-S101.html (retrieved 2026-10-12; effective 5/7/2025)

Former § 76-10-501 was renumbered here by 2025 H.B. 21 (Ch. 173) and H.B. 128 (Ch. 208).

(4) "Firearm" means:

(a) a pistol, revolver, shotgun, short barreled shotgun, rifle, or short barreled rifle; or

(b) a device that could be used as a dangerous weapon from which a projectile is expelled by an explosive action.

[...]

(7)

(a) "Short barreled rifle" means a rifle having a barrel or barrels of fewer than 16 inches in length.

(b) "Short barreled rifle" includes a dangerous weapon made from a rifle by alteration, modification, or otherwise, if the weapon as modified has an overall length of fewer than 26 inches.

(8)

(a) "Short barreled shotgun" means a shotgun having a barrel or barrels of fewer than 18 inches in length.

(b) "Short barreled shotgun" includes a dangerous weapon made from a shotgun by alteration, modification, or otherwise, if the weapon as modified has an overall length of fewer than 26 inches.

(No definition of "silencer"/"suppressor" appears in this section; none is defined by reference to federal law.)

Source: le.utah.gov/xcode/Title76/Chapter11/76-11-S201.html (retrieved 2026-10-12; effective 5/6/2026)

(3) "Fully automatic weapon" means a firearm that fires, is designed to fire, or can be readily restored to fire, automatically more than one shot without manual reloading by a single function of the trigger.

[...]

(6) "Machinegun firearm attachment" means any part or combination of parts added to a semiautomatic firearm that allows the firearm to fire as a fully automatic weapon.

Source: le.utah.gov/xcode/Title76/Chapter11/76-11-S203.html (retrieved 2026-10-12; effective 5/7/2025)

The section was "Enacted by Chapter 208, 2025 General Session".

(2) An actor commits concealing an unlawfully possessed short barreled shotgun or short barreled rifle if:

(a) the actor unlawfully possesses a short barreled shotgun or short barreled rifle;

(b) the actor conceals the unlawfully possessed short barreled shotgun or short barreled rifle in a covered, hidden, or secreted manner that the public would not be aware of the short barreled shotgun's or short barreled rifle's presence; and

(c) the short barreled shotgun or short barreled rifle is readily accessible for immediate use by the actor.

(3) A violation of Subsection (2) is a second degree felony.

Source: le.utah.gov/xcode/Title76/Chapter11/76-11-S211.html (retrieved 2026-10-12; effective 5/7/2025)

Subsection (3)(b):

A violation of Subsection (2) is a third degree felony if the dangerous weapon is:

(i) a handgun;

(ii) a short barreled rifle;

(iii) a short barreled shotgun;

(iv) a fully automatic weapon; or

(v) a machinegun firearm attachment.

Source: le.utah.gov/xcode/Title76/Chapter11/76-11-S212.html (retrieved 2026-10-12; effective 5/7/2025)

(2) An actor is guilty of transferring [...] if: (a) the actor transfers: [...] (ii) a short barreled rifle, short barreled shotgun, or fully automatic weapon to a minor; and (b) the transferring of the firearm described in Subsection (2)(a): (i) would result in the minor committing a violation of Section 76-11-211 [...]; or (ii) is in violation of any other applicable state or federal law.

(3) [...] (b) a third degree felony if the violation is the result of transferring a short barreled rifle, short barreled shotgun, or fully automatic weapon to a minor.

Source: le.utah.gov/xcode/Title53/Chapter5A/53-5a-S102.html (retrieved 2026-10-12; effective 5/7/2025)

(The [...] in the quote elides the opening words.)

(1) [...] the Legislature occupies the whole field of state regulation of firearms.

(2) Except as specifically provided by state law, a local or state governmental entity may not: (a) prohibit an individual from owning, possessing, purchasing, selling, transferring, transporting, or keeping a firearm, ammunition, or a firearm accessory at the individual's place of residence, property, business, or in any vehicle in which the individual is lawfully present; or (b) require an individual to have a permit or license to purchase, own, possess, transport, or keep a firearm, ammunition, or a firearm accessory.

Source: le.utah.gov/xcode/Title53/Chapter5A/53-5a-S401.html and 53-5a-S402.html (retrieved 2026-10-12; effective 5/7/2025)

53-5a-401 (2) "Firearm accessory" means an item that is used in conjunction with or mounted upon a firearm [...] including: [...] (c) a flash or sound suppressor; [...]

53-5a-402 (8) A personal firearm, a firearm action or receiver, a firearm accessory, or ammunition that is manufactured commercially or privately in the state to be used or sold within the state is not subject to federal law or federal regulation, including registration, under the authority of congress to regulate interstate commerce.

Source: le.utah.gov/xcode/Title53/Chapter5A/53-5a-S203.html (retrieved 2026-10-12; effective 3/20/2023)

The section title is "Prohibition on enforcement."

(1) A law enforcement officer, state employee, or employee of a political subdivision is prohibited from implementing, enforcing, assisting, or cooperating in the enforcement of a federal regulation on firearms, firearm accessories, or ammunition.

(Per § 53-5a-202(1)(b), "federal regulation" excludes a federal firearm statute, so this does not bar state help enforcing the NFA statute itself.)

Source: legislature.vermont.gov/statutes/section/13/085/04010 (retrieved 2026-10-12; page banner: "Statutes below include the actions of the 2025 session of the General Assembly"; unofficial copy on the legislature site; history note ends 2023, No. 161 (Adj. Sess.), § 37, eff. June 6, 2024)

(a) As used in this section:

(1) "Gun suppressor" means any device for muffling or diminishing the report of a portable firearm, including any combination of parts, designed or redesigned, and intended for use in assembling or fabricating a gun suppressor, and any part intended only for use in such assembly or fabrication.

(2) "Sport shooting range" shall have the same meaning as used in 10 V.S.A. § 5227(a).

(b) A person shall not manufacture, make, or import a gun suppressor, except for:

(1) a licensed manufacturer, as defined in 18 U.S.C. § 921, who is registered as a manufacturer pursuant to 26 U.S.C. § 5802;

(2) a licensed importer, as defined in 18 U.S.C. § 921, who is registered as an importer pursuant to 26 U.S.C. § 5802; or

(3) a person who makes a gun suppressor in compliance with the requirements of 26 U.S.C. § 5822.

(c) A person shall not use a gun suppressor in the State, except for use by:

(1) a Level III certified law enforcement officer or Department of Fish and Wildlife employee in connection with the officer's or employee's duties and responsibilities and in accordance with the policies and procedures of that officer's or employee's agency or department;

(2) the Vermont National Guard in connection with its duties and responsibilities;

(3) a licensed manufacturer or a licensed importer, as defined in 18 U.S.C. § 921, who is also registered as a manufacturer or an importer pursuant to 26 U.S.C. § 5802, who in the ordinary course of the manufacturer's or importer's business as a manufacturer or as an importer tests the operation of the gun suppressor;

(4) a person lawfully using a sport shooting range; or

(5) a person taking game as authorized under 10 V.S.A. § 4701.

(d)(1) A person who violates subsection (b) of this section shall be fined not less than $500.00 for each offense.

(2) A person who violates subsection (c) of this section shall be fined $50.00 for each offense.

Source: legislature.vermont.gov/statutes/section/10/113/04701 (retrieved 2026-10-12; page banner: "Statutes below include the actions of the 2025 session of the General Assembly"; unofficial copy on the legislature site; history note ends 2023, No. 161 (Adj. Sess.), § 37, eff. June 6, 2024)

(d) A person taking game with a gun may possess, carry, or use a gun suppressor in the act of taking game.

Source: legislature.vermont.gov/statutes/section/10/113/04704 (retrieved 2026-10-12; page banner: "Statutes below include the actions of the 2025 session of the General Assembly"; unofficial copy on the legislature site; history ends 2021, No. 165 (Adj. Sess.), § 6, eff. July 1, 2022; subsection (b) is repealed)

(a) A person engaged in hunting for wild animals shall not use, carry, or have in the person's possession:

(1) a machine gun of any kind or description; or

(2) an autoloading rifle with a magazine capacity of over six cartridges, except a .22 caliber rifle using rim fire cartridges.

Source: legislature.vermont.gov/statutes/section/24/061/02295 (retrieved 2026-10-12; page banner: "Statutes below include the actions of the 2025 session of the General Assembly"; unofficial copy on the legislature site; history note: added 1987, No. 178 (Adj. Sess.), eff. May 9, 1988)

Except as otherwise provided by law, no town, city, or incorporated village, by ordinance, resolution, or other enactment, shall directly regulate hunting, fishing, and trapping or the possession, ownership, transportation, transfer, sale, purchase, carrying, licensing, or registration of traps, firearms, ammunition, or components of firearms or ammunition. This section shall not limit the powers conferred upon a town, city, or incorporated village under subdivision 2291(8) of this title. The provisions of this section shall supersede any inconsistent provisions of a municipal charter.

Enacted by 2023, No. 120 (Adj. Sess.) (S.209), § 1, effective February 28, 2025. The subchapter (Subchapter 004 of chapter 85) is §§ 4081-4084.

Source: legislature.vermont.gov/statutes/section/13/085/04081 (retrieved 2026-10-12; page banner: "Statutes below include the actions of the 2025 session of the General Assembly"; unofficial copy on the legislature site; history note: added 2023, No. 120 (Adj. Sess.), § 1, eff. February 28, 2025)

§ 4081. This subchapter shall be known as the "Vermont Ghost Guns Act."

Source: legislature.vermont.gov/statutes/section/13/085/04082 (retrieved 2026-10-12; page banner: "Statutes below include the actions of the 2025 session of the General Assembly"; unofficial copy on the legislature site; history note: added 2023, No. 120 (Adj. Sess.), § 1, eff. February 28, 2025)

§ 4082. As used in this subchapter:

(1) "Federal firearms licensee" means a federally licensed firearm dealer, federally licensed firearm importer, and federally licensed firearm manufacturer.

(5) "Fire control component" means a component necessary for the firearm to initiate, complete, or continue the firing sequence, including any of the following: hammer, bolt, bolt carrier, breechblock, cylinder, trigger mechanism, firing pin, striker, or slide rails.

(6) "Frame or receiver of a firearm" means a part of a firearm that, when the complete firearm is assembled, is visible from the exterior and provides housing or a structure designed to hold or integrate one or more fire control components, even if pins or other attachments are required to connect the fire control components. [...]

(8) "Unfinished frame or receiver" means any forging, casting, printing, extrusion, machined body, or similar article that has reached a stage in manufacture when it may readily be completed, assembled, or converted to be used as the frame or receiver of a functional firearm or that is marketed or sold to the public to become or be used as the frame or receiver of a functional firearm once completed, assembled, or converted.

(9) "Violent crime" has the same meaning as in section 4017 of this title.

(Subdivisions (2)-(4) define the three federal licensee types by reference to 18 U.S.C. § 921(a)(11), (a)(9) and (a)(10); subdivision (7) defines "three-dimensional printer." No subdivision defines "firearm.")

Source: legislature.vermont.gov/statutes/section/13/085/04083 (retrieved 2026-10-12; page banner: "Statutes below include the actions of the 2025 session of the General Assembly"; unofficial copy on the legislature site; history note: added 2023, No. 120 (Adj. Sess.), § 1, eff. February 28, 2025)

(b)(1) A person shall not knowingly possess a firearm or frame or receiver of a firearm that is not imprinted with a serial number by a federal firearms licensee pursuant to federal law or section 4084 of this title.

(2) A person shall not knowingly transfer or offer to transfer a firearm or frame or receiver of a firearm that is not imprinted with a serial number by a federal firearms licensee pursuant to federal law or section 4084 of this title.

(3) This subsection shall not apply to:

(A) a federal firearms licensee acting within the scope of the licensee's license;

(B) possession or transfer of a firearm or frame or receiver of a firearm for the purpose of having it imprinted with a serial number pursuant to federal law or section 4084 of this title;

(C) an unserialized frame or receiver transferred to or possessed by a law enforcement officer for legitimate law enforcement purposes;

(D) an antique firearm as defined in subsection 4017(d) of this title;

(E) a firearm that has been rendered permanently inoperable; or

(F) a firearm that was manufactured before 1968.

(c)(1) A person who manufactures a firearm or frame or receiver of a firearm, including by a three-dimensional printer, shall cause the firearm, frame, or receiver to be imprinted with a serial number by a federal firearms licensee pursuant to federal law or section 4084 of this title.

(2) This subsection shall not apply to:

(A) a federally licensed firearms manufacturer acting within the scope of the manufacturer's license; or

(B) possession or transfer of a firearm or frame or receiver of a firearm for the purpose of having it imprinted with a serial number pursuant to federal law or section 4084 of this title.

(d)(1) A person who violates subdivision (a)(1) or (b)(1) of this section shall be:

(A) for a first offense, assessed a civil penalty of not more than $50.00;

(B) for a second offense, imprisoned for not more than two years or fined not more than $1,000.00, or both; and

(C) for a third or subsequent offense, imprisoned for not more than three years or fined not more than $2,000.00, or both.

(2) A person who violates subdivision (a)(2), (b)(2), or (c)(1) of this section shall be:

(A) for a first offense, imprisoned for not more than one year or fined not more than $500.00, or both;

(B) for a second offense, imprisoned for not more than two years or fined not more than $1,000.00, or both; and

(C) for a third or subsequent offense, imprisoned for not more than three years or fined not more than $2,000.00, or both.

(3) A person who uses an unserialized firearm while committing a violent crime or while committing reckless endangerment in violation of section 1025 of this title shall be imprisoned not more than five years or fined not more than $5,000.00, or both.

(Subsection (a) of § 4083 separately bars knowingly possessing or transferring an "unfinished frame or receiver" that has not been serialized.)

Source: law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title18.2/chapter7/section1… (retrieved 2026-10-12; hist. ends 2004, c. 930; no later amendments shown)

"Sawed-off shotgun" means any weapon, loaded or unloaded, originally designed as a shoulder weapon, utilizing a self-contained cartridge from which a number of ball shot pellets or projectiles may be fired simultaneously from a smooth or rifled bore by a single function of the firing device and which has a barrel length of less than 18 inches for smooth bore weapons and 16 inches for rifled weapons. Weapons of less than .225 caliber shall not be included.

"Sawed-off rifle" means a rifle of any caliber, loaded or unloaded, which expels a projectile by action of an explosion of a combustible material and is designed as a shoulder weapon with a barrel or barrels length of less than 16 inches or which has been modified to an overall length of less than 26 inches.

Source: law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title18.2/chapter7/section1… (retrieved 2026-10-12; hist. ends 1992, c. 580)

A. Possession or use of a "sawed-off" shotgun or "sawed-off" rifle in the perpetration or attempted perpetration of a crime of violence is a Class 2 felony.

B. Possession or use of a "sawed-off" shotgun or "sawed-off" rifle for any other purpose, except as permitted by this article and official use by those persons permitted possession by § 18.2-303, is a Class 4 felony.

Source: law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title18.2/chapter7/section1… (retrieved 2026-10-12)

The provisions of this article shall not be applicable to:

(1) The manufacture for, and sale of, "sawed-off" shotguns or "sawed-off" rifles to the armed forces or law-enforcement officers of the United States or of any state or of any political subdivision thereof, or the transportation required for that purpose; and

(2) "Sawed-off" shotguns, "sawed-off" rifles and automatic arms issued to the National Guard of Virginia by the United States [...] or such arms as may be provided for the officers of the State Police or officers of penal institutions.

No reference to federal law or the NFA.

Source: law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title18.2/chapter7/section1… (retrieved 2026-10-12; hist. ends 1993, c. 449)

Nothing contained in this article shall prohibit or interfere with the possession of a "sawed-off" shotgun or "sawed-off" rifle for scientific purposes, the possession of a "sawed-off" shotgun or "sawed-off" rifle possessed in compliance with federal law or the possession of a "sawed-off" shotgun or "sawed-off" rifle not usable as a firing weapon and possessed as a curiosity, ornament, or keepsake.

Source: law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title18.2/chapter7/section1… (retrieved 2026-10-12; hist. 2020, c. 527; 2024, cc. 163, 164)

"Nothing in this section shall be construed to prohibit a person from manufacturing, importing, selling, offering for sale, possessing, receiving, transferring, or transporting any item for which such person is in compliance with the National Firearms Act (26 U.S.C. § 5801 et seq.)."

(Subsection D; class 6 felony penalty in subsection C. Not an SBR/suppressor statute, but shows the General Assembly uses "in compliance with the National Firearms Act" wording elsewhere.)

Source: law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title18.2/chapter7/section1… (retrieved 2026-10-12; official history shows 2026, cc. 1106, 1107)

"Assault firearm" means the same as that term is defined in § 18.2-308.2:2. [...]

B. Any person who imports, sells, manufactures, purchases, or transfers an assault firearm is guilty of a Class 1 misdemeanor.

Exceptions (C) include sale or transfer of firearms lawfully purchased and possessed before July 1, 2026. Possession is not itself made a crime in this section.

Source: law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title18.2/chapter7/section1… (retrieved 2026-10-12; official history ends 2026, cc. 1084, 1106, 1107)

"Assault firearm" means: 1. A semi-automatic center-fire rifle or pistol with a fixed magazine capacity in excess of 15 rounds; 2. A semi-automatic center-fire rifle that has the ability to accept a detachable magazine [...] and that has one or more of the following characteristics: (i) a folding, telescoping, or collapsible stock; [...] or (v) a threaded barrel capable of accepting (a) a muzzle brake, (b) a muzzle compensator, (c) a sound suppressor, or (d) a flash suppressor; 3. A semi-automatic center-fire pistol that has two or more of the following characteristics: [...] (iv) a threaded barrel capable of accepting (a) a sound suppressor [...] or (v) a buffer tube, arm brace, or other part that protrudes horizontally behind the pistol grip and is designed or redesigned to allow or facilitate the firing of a firearm from the shoulder; 4. A semi-automatic shotgun [...] that has one of the following characteristics: (i) a folding, telescoping, or collapsible stock; [...] [...] An "assault firearm" does not include any firearm that is an antique firearm, has been rendered permanently inoperable, or is manually operated by bolt, pump, lever, or slide action.

Source: law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title18.2/chapter7/section1… (retrieved 2026-10-12; hist. ends 2008, c. 408)

C. For purposes of this section, "assault firearm" means any semi-automatic center-fire rifle or pistol that expels single or multiple projectiles by action of an explosion of a combustible material and is equipped at the time of the offense with a magazine which will hold more than 20 rounds of ammunition or designed by the manufacturer to accommodate a silencer or equipped with a folding stock.

Subsection A makes it unlawful for a person who is not a U.S. citizen or lawful permanent resident to knowingly and intentionally possess, transport or conceal-carry such an "assault firearm". Applies to non-citizens only.

Source: law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title18.2/chapter7/section1… (retrieved 2026-10-12; hist. ends 1988, c. 460)

Every machine gun in this Commonwealth shall be registered with the Department of State Police within twenty-four hours after its acquisition [...]. Failure to keep or produce such certificate for inspection shall be a Class 3 misdemeanor [...].

Source: app.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=9.41.190&full=true (retrieved 2026-10-12; history line begins 2026 c 203 s 4; 2026 c 203 effective immediately Mar. 24, 2026 except section 3; page footer copyright 2025)

(1) Except as otherwise provided in this section, it is unlawful for any person to:

(a) Manufacture, including by use of a three-dimensional printer, computer numerical control milling machine, or other means, or own, buy, sell, loan, furnish, transport, or have in possession or under control, any machine gun, bump-fire stock, undetectable firearm, short-barreled shotgun, or short-barreled rifle;

(b) Manufacture, including by use of a three-dimensional printer, computer numerical control milling machine, or other means, or own, buy, sell, loan, furnish, transport, or have in possession or under control, any part designed and intended solely and exclusively for use in a machine gun, bump-fire stock, undetectable firearm, short-barreled shotgun, or short-barreled rifle, or in converting a weapon into a machine gun, short-barreled shotgun, or short-barreled rifle;

(c) Assemble or repair any machine gun, bump-fire stock, undetectable firearm, short-barreled shotgun, or short-barreled rifle; or

(d) Manufacture, including by use of a three-dimensional printer, computer numerical control milling machine, or other means, or cause to be manufactured, assemble, or cause to be assembled, an untraceable firearm with the intent to sell the untraceable firearm.

(2) It is not unlawful for a person to manufacture, own, buy, sell, loan, furnish, transport, assemble, or repair, or have in possession or under control, a short-barreled rifle, or any part designed or intended solely and exclusively for use in a short-barreled rifle or in converting a weapon into a short-barreled rifle, if the person is in compliance with applicable federal law.

(3) Subsection (1) of this section shall not apply to:

(a) Any peace officer in the discharge of official duty or traveling to or from official duty, or to any officer or member of the armed forces of the United States or the state of Washington in the discharge of official duty or traveling to or from official duty; or

(b) A person, including an employee of such person if the employee has undergone fingerprinting and a background check, who or which is exempt from or licensed under federal law, and engaged in the production, manufacture, repair, or testing of machine guns, bump-fire stocks, short-barreled shotguns, or short-barreled rifles:

(i) To be used or purchased by the armed forces of the United States;

(ii) To be used or purchased by federal, state, county, or municipal law enforcement agencies; or

(iii) For exportation in compliance with all applicable federal laws and regulations.

(4) It shall be an affirmative defense to a prosecution brought under this section that the machine gun or short-barreled shotgun was acquired prior to July 1, 1994, and is possessed in compliance with federal law.

(5) Any person violating this section is guilty of a class C felony.

Source: app.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=9.41.250&full=true (retrieved 2026-10-12; history last amended 2012 c 179 s 1; no 2026 change)

(1) Every person who:

(a) Manufactures, sells, or disposes of or possesses any instrument or weapon of the kind usually known as slungshot, sand club, or metal knuckles, or spring blade knife;

(b) Furtively carries with intent to conceal any dagger, dirk, pistol, or other dangerous weapon; or

(c) Uses any contrivance or device for suppressing the noise of any firearm unless the suppressor is legally registered and possessed in accordance with federal law,

is guilty of a gross misdemeanor punishable under chapter 9A.20 RCW.

Source: app.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=9.41.010&full=true (retrieved 2026-10-12; page carries two versions, "Effective until June 30, 2027" and a later version effective June 30, 2027; the quoted SBR, SBS and machine gun definitions match the current version)

"Short-barreled rifle" means a rifle having one or more barrels less than 16 inches in length and any weapon made from a rifle by any means of modification if such modified weapon has an overall length of less than 26 inches.

"Short-barreled shotgun" means a shotgun having one or more barrels less than 18 inches in length and any weapon made from a shotgun by any means of modification if such modified weapon has an overall length of less than 26 inches.

"Machine gun" means any firearm known as a machine gun, mechanical rifle, submachine gun, or any other mechanism or instrument not requiring that the trigger be pressed for each shot and having a reservoir clip, disc, drum, belt, or other separable mechanical device for storing, carrying, or supplying ammunition which can be loaded into the firearm, mechanism, or instrument, and fired therefrom at the rate of five or more shots per second.

The assault-weapon definition (RCW 9.41.010(2)) lists "sound suppressor, silencer" among features for certain semiautomatic rifles/pistols; full text not quoted here. No standalone silencer definition was found in 9.41.010.

Source: code.wvlegislature.gov/61-7-9/ (retrieved 2026-10-12; site states sections "are updated regularly")

It shall be unlawful for any person to carry, transport, or have in his possession, any machine gun, submachine gun, or any other fully automatic weapon unless he or she has fully complied with applicable federal statutes and all applicable rules and regulations of the secretary of the treasury of the United States relating to such firearms.

Any person who violates the provision of this section shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and, upon conviction thereof, shall be fined not less than $1,000 nor more than $5,000, or shall be confined in the county jail for not less than ninety days, or more than one year, or both.

(Applies to machine guns/fully automatic weapons only. Not to the four items in scope.)

Source: code.wvlegislature.gov/61-7-16/ (retrieved 2026-10-12)

(a) When certification of a chief law-enforcement officer is required by federal law or regulation for the making, transfer, receipt or possession of a firearm, the chief law-enforcement officer shall, within thirty days of receipt of such a request, provide such certification upon determining that to his or her knowledge the applicant is not prohibited by federal, state or local law from making, transferring, receiving or possessing the firearm [...]

(b) [...] (3) "Firearm" has the same meaning as provided in the National Firearms Act, 26 U. S. C. §5845 (a).

[...]

(e) A generalized objection to persons or entities making, transferring, receiving or possessing firearms or particular types of firearms which may be lawfully made, transferred, received or possessed does not constitute a valid basis for refusing certification.

(This is a state-law mandate to issue CLEO sign-offs; it imposes no restriction.)

Source: code.wvlegislature.gov/8-12-5a/ (retrieved 2026-10-12)

(a) Neither a municipality nor the governing body of any municipality may, by ordinance or otherwise, limit the right of any person to purchase, possess, transfer, own, carry, transport, sell, or store any deadly weapon, firearm, or pepper spray, or any ammunition or ammunition components to be used therewith [...] in any manner inconsistent with or in conflict with state law.

(Municipal-building and recreation-facility carve-outs in (c) omitted.)

Source: code.wvlegislature.gov/61-7-2/ (retrieved 2026-10-12). The official page defines "firearm" as: "any weapon which will expel a projectile by action of an explosion: Provided, That it does not mean an antique firearm as defined in subdivision (1) of this subsection except for the purposes of §48-27-502 of this code." (§ 61-7-2(7)). The page has no definition of silencer, suppressor, machine gun or destructive device, and the only uses of "short" are in "blackjack," "pistol" and "revolver."

Source: docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/document/statutes/941.28 (retrieved 2026-10-12; page states "2023-24 Wisconsin Statutes updated through 2025 Wis. Act 247 ... Published 10-1-26")

(1)(b) "Short-barreled rifle" means a rifle having one or more barrels having a length of less than 16 inches measured from closed breech or bolt face to muzzle or a rifle having an overall length of less than 26 inches.

(1)(c) "Short-barreled shotgun" means a shotgun having one or more barrels having a length of less than 18 inches measured from closed breech or bolt face to muzzle or a shotgun having an overall length of less than 26 inches. [...]

(2) No person may sell or offer to sell, transport, purchase, possess or go armed with a short-barreled shotgun or short-barreled rifle.

(3) Any person violating this section is guilty of a Class H felony.

(4) This section does not apply to the sale, purchase, possession, use or transportation of a short-barreled shotgun or short-barreled rifle to or by any armed forces or national guard personnel in line of duty, any peace officer of the United States or of any political subdivision of the United States or any person who has complied with the licensing and registration requirements under 26 USC 5801 to 5872. This section does not apply to the manufacture of short-barreled shotguns or short-barreled rifles for any person or group authorized to possess these weapons. The restriction on transportation contained in this section does not apply to common carriers. This section shall not apply to any firearm that may be lawfully possessed under federal law, or any firearm that could have been lawfully registered at the time of the enactment of the national firearms act of 1968.

(5) Any firearm seized under this section is subject to s. 968.20 (3) and is presumed to be contraband.

(Definitions of "rifle" (1)(a) and "shotgun" (1)(d) omitted.)

Source: docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/document/statutes/941.298 (retrieved 2026-10-12; published 10-1-26)

(1) In this section, "firearm silencer" means any device for silencing, muffling or diminishing the report of a portable firearm, including any combination of parts, designed or redesigned, and intended for use in assembling or fabricating such a device, and any part intended only for use in that assembly or fabrication.

(2) Whoever sells, delivers or possesses a firearm silencer is guilty of a Class H felony.

(3) Subsection (2) does not apply to sales or deliveries of firearm silencers to or possession of firearm silencers by any of the following: [...]

(b) Any armed forces or national guard personnel, while in the line of duty.

(c) Any person who has complied with the licensing and registration requirements under 26 USC 5801 to 5872.

(Par. (a), peace officers acting under written agency policy, summarized not quoted.)

Source: docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/statutes/statutes/941/iii/26 (retrieved 2026-10-12)

(1g)(a) No person may sell, possess, use or transport any machine gun or other full automatic firearm.

(1g)(b) Except as provided in sub. (4), no person may sell, possess, use or transport any tear gas bomb, hand grenade, projectile or shell or any other container of any kind or character into which tear gas or any similar substance is used or placed for use to cause bodily discomfort, panic, or damage to property.

(1m) No person may take a firearm that is not designed to shoot more than one shot, without manual reloading, by a single function of the trigger and modify the firearm so that it does shoot more than one shot, without manual reloading, by a single function of the trigger.

(2)(a) Any person violating sub. (1g) (a) is guilty of a Class H felony. [...]

(2)(c) Except as provided in par. (d), any person who violates sub. (1g) (b) regarding the possession, noncommercial transportation or use of the bomb, grenade, projectile, shell, or container under sub. (1g) (b) is guilty of a Class A misdemeanor.

Verbatim from (3):

(3) This section does not apply to the sale, possession, modification, use or transportation of any weapons or containers under sub. (1g) or (1m) to or by any armed forces or national guard personnel in the line of duty, any civil enforcement officer of the state or of any city or county. This section does not apply to the sale, possession, modification, use or transportation of weapons under sub. (1g) (a) or (1m) to or by any person duly authorized by the chief of police of any city or the sheriff of any county. [...]

Source: docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/document/statutes/941.25 (retrieved 2026-10-12)

(a) Any weapon that shoots, is designed to shoot or can be readily restored to shoot, automatically more than one shot, without manual reloading, by a single function of the trigger.

Source: wyoleg.gov/statutes/compress/title06.pdf (retrieved 2026-10-12; Title 6 PDF has no currency statement, but it includes 2026 session amendments, e.g. "Repealed by Laws 2026, ch. 87" in 6-8-104)

(c) The sale, transfer, purchase, delivery, taxation, manufacture, ownership, transportation, storage, use and possession of firearms, weapons and ammunition shall be authorized, regulated and prohibited by the state, and regulation thereof is preempted by the legislature of the state of Wyoming. Except as authorized by W.S. 15-1-103(a)(xviii) and 23-1-302, no state agency, city, town, county, political subdivision or any other entity shall authorize, regulate or prohibit the sale, transfer, purchase, delivery, taxation, manufacture, ownership, transportation, storage, use, carrying or possession of firearms, weapons, accessories, components or ammunition except as specifically provided by this chapter. [...]

Source: wyoleg.gov/statutes/compress/title06.pdf (retrieved 2026-10-12; Title 6 PDF has no currency statement)

(iii) "Firearm" means any weapon which will or is designed to expel a projectile by the action of an explosive. "Firearm" shall not include any fully automatic weapon or any weapon designed to fire a rocket propelled grenade or any explosive projectile;

(iv) "Firearms accessories" means items that are used in conjunction with or mounted upon a firearm but are not essential to the basic function of a firearm, including, but not limited to, telescopic or laser sights, magazines, folding or aftermarket stocks and grips, speedloaders, ammunition carriers, optics for target identification and lights for target illumination;

Source: wyoleg.gov/statutes/compress/title06.pdf (retrieved 2026-10-12; Title 6 PDF has no currency statement)

(a) A personal firearm, a firearm accessory or ammunition that is manufactured commercially or privately in Wyoming and that remains exclusively within the borders of Wyoming is not subject to federal law, federal taxation or federal regulation, including registration, under the authority of the United States congress to regulate interstate commerce. [...]

Source: wyoleg.gov/statutes/compress/title06.pdf (retrieved 2026-10-12; Title 6 PDF has no currency statement)

(a) No public servant as defined in W.S. 6-5-101, or dealer selling any firearm in this state shall enforce or attempt to enforce any act, law, statute, rule or regulation of the United States government relating to a personal firearm, firearm accessory or ammunition that is manufactured commercially or privately in Wyoming and that remains exclusively within the borders of Wyoming.

(b) Any official, agent or employee of the United States government who enforces or attempts to enforce any act, order, law, statute, rule or regulation of the United States government upon a personal firearm, a firearm accessory or ammunition that is manufactured commercially or privately in Wyoming and that remains exclusively within the borders of Wyoming shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and, upon conviction, shall be subject to imprisonment for not more than one (1) year, a fine of not more than two thousand dollars ($2,000.00), or both. [...]

Source: wyoleg.gov/statutes/compress/title23.pdf (retrieved 2026-10-12; Title 23 PDF has no currency statement)

23-3-112. Firearms; automatic weapon prohibited; use of silencer or suppressor to take big or trophy game restricted; penalties.

(a) No person shall take any wildlife with any fully automatic weapon.

(b) Violation of this section is separate and additional to any other violation and constitutes a high misdemeanor punishable as provided in W.S. 23-6-202(a)(ii).

(c) No person shall use a device designed to silence or muffle the report of any firearm in the commission of:

(i) A violation of W.S. 23-3-102;

(ii) A violation of W.S. 23-3-107;

(iii) A violation of W.S. 23-3-305(b) which results in the taking of a big or trophy game animal; or

(iv) Taking of a big or trophy game animal out of season.

(Section ends at (c)(iv); there is no separate penalty clause for (c). Subsection (b) says a "violation of this section" is a high misdemeanor under W.S. 23-6-202(a)(ii), which on its face covers (c) as well.)

Source: alison.legislature.state.al.us/code-of-alabama?section=… (retrieved 2026-10-12; history line shows Acts 1982-430, 2022-133, 2022-438)

"For purposes of this division, the following terms shall have the following meanings, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise:

"(1) FIREARM. As defined under Section 13A-8-1.

[...]

"(3) SHORT-BARRELED RIFLE. A rifle having one or more barrels less than 16 inches in length and any weapon made from a rifle (whether by alteration, modification, or otherwise) if such weapon, as modified, has an overall length of less than 26 inches.

"(4) SHORT-BARRELED SHOTGUN. A shotgun having one or more barrels less than 18 inches in length and any weapon made from a shotgun (whether by alteration, modification, or otherwise) if such weapon as modified has an overall length of less than 26 inches.

Source: alison.legislature.state.al.us/code-of-alabama?section=… (retrieved 2026-10-12; history line ends with Act 2010-496)

(a) A person who possesses, obtains, receives, sells, or uses a short-barreled rifle or a short-barreled shotgun in violation of federal law is guilty of a Class C felony.

(b) This section does not apply to a peace officer who possesses, obtains, receives, sells, or uses a short-barreled rifle or a short-barreled shotgun in the course of or in connection with his or her official duties.

Source: alison.legislature.state.al.us/code-of-alabama?section=… (retrieved 2026-10-12; history Act 2025-54 §1)

(b) A person who possesses, obtains, receives, sells, or uses a part or combination of parts designed and intended to convert a pistol into a machine gun is guilty of a Class C felony.

(c) This section does not apply to any of the following:

[...]

(2) A person who owns or has in his or her possession, control, care, or custody a firearm, part, or combination of parts that are registered in the National Firearms Registration and Transfer Record maintained by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives or is otherwise not subject to that registration requirement.

This is a registration-type exemption, but it concerns machine-gun conversion parts only, not suppressors, SBRs, SBSs or AOWs.

I reviewed the section titles in Title 13A, Ch. 11, Art. 3, Divisions 1 (13A-11-50 to 61.3), 1A (62-66) and 2 (70-85) section titles; none mention silencers/suppressors or sawed-off firearms beyond 13A-11-62/63. No Alabama Code section restricting suppressors/silencers was found.